A journal article by FJ Berto states that a number of level measurement accuracy limitations in the use of manual and automatic tank gauging are presented in the API MPMS (American Petroleum Institute, Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards).
The discussion presented treats the tank gauging system and the tank as the system, not just the instrumentation that performs the measurement. This introduces the idea of designing both components to be ‘as one’ in the same way, with a view to minimizing factors from each that can affect accuracy.
The limitations stated in API MPMS are:
Berto’s article highlights that the accuracy of any method of level measurement or tank gauging can be significantly affected by the tank. Considerations such as the expansion and contraction of the tank under loading, how the bottom moves under load, and reaction to changes in temperature can all affect the dimensions of the tank.
The tank gauging system should be installed bearing in mind these physical factors of the tank, and where possible designing the installation to minimize the effects upon measurement by the tank.
Reference: Berto FJ (1997). Review of Tank Measurement Errors Reveals Techniques for Greater Accuracy. Oil and Gas Journal 1997, Volume 95, Issue 9, pp68-73
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