Flue gas is a mixture of various gases obtained by the burning of fuel materials at the boiler furnace in the presence of excess air or oxygen in power plants and vented to the atmosphere via ducts and chimneys.
Flue gas is also known as exhaust gas or stack gas
Composition | Mol % Coal-fired | Mol % Gas Fired |
H2O | 8 | 8 |
Nitrogen | 73 | 76 |
Carbon dioxide | 14 | 4 |
Oxygen | 3.5 | 12 |
Hydrogen sulfide | 0.05 | 0 |
Parameter | Coal-fired | Gas fired |
The flow rate in m3 per hour | 2400 | 2850 |
The temperature in Degree Celsius | 40 | 40 |
Pressure in kg/cm2 | 1.1 | 1.1 |
Serial | Components | Symbol |
1 | Methane | CH4 |
2 | Benzene | C6H6 |
3 | Ammonia | NH3 |
4 | Sulphur Dioxide | SO2 |
5 | Hydrogen | H2 |
6 | Carbon Dioxide | CO2 |
7 | Carbon Monoxide | CO |
8 | Nitrogen | N2 |
9 | Oxygen | O2 |
10 | Air | – |
To determine the CO₂ content in flue gas, the flue gas is allowed to pass through two test cells and the air is passed through two reference cells in which they flow around stretched platinum resistance wire electrically heated up to 100°C.
Assuming stoichiometric combustion (0% O2).
Carbon content in flue gas is measured using an Orsat apparatus gas analyzer. It is laboratory equipment for analyzing flue gas samples for oxygen, CO, and CO2 content.
Thermal Conductivity is defined as the material’s ability to transfer heat. It is the heat energy transferred per unit time and the unit surface area divided by the temperature difference.
The thermal conductivity of a gas analyzer is a measure of gas concentration by using the difference in thermal conductivities between two gas components.
In the gas detector, there is a reference chamber and a measuring chamber in each of which a thin platinum wire is stretched.
All gases have their thermal conductivity. The thermal conductivity of a gas is measured using a sensor that employs four matched filaments that change their resistance according to the thermal conductivity of the gas passing over it.
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