Inst ToolsInst ToolsInst Tools
  • Courses
  • Automation
    • PLC
    • Control System
    • Safety System
    • Communication
    • Fire & Gas System
  • Instrumentation
    • Design
    • Pressure
    • Temperature
    • Flow
    • Level
    • Vibration
    • Analyzer
    • Control Valve
    • Switch
    • Calibration
    • Erection & Commissioning
  • Interview
    • Instrumentation
    • Electrical
    • Electronics
    • Practical
  • Q&A
    • Instrumentation
    • Control System
    • Electrical
    • Electronics
    • Analog Electronics
    • Digital Electronics
    • Power Electronics
    • Microprocessor
  • Request
Search
  • Books
  • Software
  • Projects
  • Process
  • Tools
  • Basics
  • Formula
  • Power Plant
  • Root Cause Analysis
  • Electrical Basics
  • Animation
  • Standards
  • 4-20 mA Course
  • Siemens PLC Course
Reading: Linear to Square Root Extraction
Share
Font ResizerAa
Inst ToolsInst Tools
Font ResizerAa
  • Courses
  • Design
  • PLC
  • Interview
  • Control System
Search
  • Courses
  • Automation
    • PLC
    • Control System
    • Safety System
    • Communication
    • Fire & Gas System
  • Instrumentation
    • Design
    • Pressure
    • Temperature
    • Flow
    • Level
    • Vibration
    • Analyzer
    • Control Valve
    • Switch
    • Calibration
    • Erection & Commissioning
  • Interview
    • Instrumentation
    • Electrical
    • Electronics
    • Practical
  • Q&A
    • Instrumentation
    • Control System
    • Electrical
    • Electronics
    • Analog Electronics
    • Digital Electronics
    • Power Electronics
    • Microprocessor
  • Request
Follow US
All rights reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part without written permission is prohibited.
Inst Tools > Blog > Flow Measurement > Linear to Square Root Extraction

Linear to Square Root Extraction

In Linear to Square Root Conversion, Relationship is non-linear there is a greater change in flow at low pressures compared to higher ones.

Last updated: October 31, 2023 2:26 pm
Editorial Staff
Flow Measurement Formulas
3 Comments
Share
2 Min Read
SHARE

Some pressure measurements are used to indirectly derive another type of measurand. One of these is the Rate of Flow of a gas or liquid. The flow rate along a closed pipe is directly proportional to the square root of the pressure drop or differential pressure between two points.

Contents
Linear to Square Root Conversion FormulaLinear to Square Root Conversion Table

Since the relationship is non-linear there is a greater change in flow at low pressures compared to higher ones. In order to optimize the resolution of flow measurement the output on some differential pressure transmitters can be altered so that it is directly proportional to the flow rate rather than the differential pressure.

Linear to Square Root Conversion Formula

The following formula can be used for converting a linear 4-20mA current loop output to a square root extraction type:

[Output Sq Rt] = 4mA + (4 x Square Root of ([Output Linear] – 4mA))

The reverse formula for converting a square root extraction output to a linear one is: 

[Output Linear] = 4mA + (([Output Sq Rt] – 4mA)^2 / 16)

The following table shows values for linear to square root extraction and vice versa (please note all conversion values are rounded to 2 decimal places):

Linear to Square Root Conversion Table

Linear to Square root conversion

If you liked this article, then please subscribe to our YouTube Channel for Instrumentation, Electrical, PLC, and SCADA video tutorials.

You can also follow us on Facebook and Twitter to receive daily updates.

Read Next:

  • 4-20 mA Formula & Convert
  • Linear % To Square root % 
  • 3-15 psi to 4-20mA Convert
  • Pressure Switch Principle
  • Control Loop Testing
Don't Miss Our Updates
Be the first to get exclusive content straight to your email.
We promise not to spam you. You can unsubscribe at any time.
Invalid email address
You've successfully subscribed !

Continue Reading

In-Line Flow Switch Working Principle and Animation
What is a Condensate Pot? How to Install it?
Zero Suppression and Zero Elevation Calculations
Open Tank DP Level Transmitter Calculations
Vortex Flow meter Animation
Why Orifice Flow Meter Flange is Not Recommended 150# Rating?
Share This Article
Facebook Whatsapp Whatsapp LinkedIn Copy Link
Share
3 Comments
  • Tauhid Ashraf says:
    April 4, 2016 at 3:26 pm

    Hello Sir,
    8 mA is missing in the above table.

    Reply
  • prabir basak says:
    May 25, 2016 at 4:55 am

    Descriptions is very good

    Reply
  • Hariharan S says:
    January 10, 2022 at 4:46 pm

    Please derive an example calculation?

    Reply

Leave a Reply Cancel reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Stay Connected

128.3kFollowersLike
69.1kFollowersFollow
210kSubscribersSubscribe
38kFollowersFollow

Categories

Explore More

Pitot Tube Problems and Troubleshooting Steps – Flow Instrument
Calculate Process Variable from Transmitter Current
4-20mA Transmitters Calculations
Important Factors in Flow Measurement
Heat Tracing Problems
Formula for Linear mA to Square root mA conversion
What is an Orifice Meter?
Rotameter Working Principle and Animation

Keep Learning

Gas flow rate Formulas

Gas Flow Formulas

Pressure Temperature Compensation Flow Measurement

Pressure Temperature Compensation Flow Measurement

Level Calculation with Remote Seals

Level Calculation with Remote Seals

Flow Transmitter Output Current Calculation

Calculate Flow Transmitter Output Current

Wedge Flow Meter

Wedge Flow Meter Principle

Turbine Flow Meter

All About Turbine Meters

Advantages and Disadvantages of Flow Measurement Techniques

Advantages & Disadvantages of Different Flow Meters

volumetric flow measurement for liquids versus gases

Standardized Volumetric Flow

Learn More

PLC Program for Star Delta Starter using Functional Block Diagram

PLC Program for Star Delta Starter using Functional Block Diagram

Free Download SCADA Softwares

Free SCADA Software Download

FIFO and LIFO Sequences in PLC

What are FIFO and LIFO Sequences in PLC?

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy Questions & Answers

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy Questions & Answers

Power Electronics Objective Questions

Harmonic Reduction Objective Questions

Difference Between PNP and NPN Sensors

Difference Between PNP and NPN Sensors

Accelerometer Vibration Probe

Accelerometer Vibration Probe Principle

Forward Bias

Rectifiers, Forward Bias and Reverse Bias

Menu

  • About
  • Privacy Policy
  • Copyright

Quick Links

  • Learn PLC
  • Helping Hand
  • Part Time Job

YouTube Subscribe

Follow US
All rights reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part without written permission is prohibited.
Welcome Back!

Sign in to your account

Username or Email Address
Password

Lost your password?