Inst ToolsInst ToolsInst Tools
  • Courses
  • Automation
    • PLC
    • Control System
    • Safety System
    • Communication
    • Fire & Gas System
  • Instrumentation
    • Design
    • Pressure
    • Temperature
    • Flow
    • Level
    • Vibration
    • Analyzer
    • Control Valve
    • Switch
    • Calibration
    • Erection & Commissioning
  • Interview
    • Instrumentation
    • Electrical
    • Electronics
    • Practical
  • Q&A
    • Instrumentation
    • Control System
    • Electrical
    • Electronics
    • Analog Electronics
    • Digital Electronics
    • Power Electronics
    • Microprocessor
Search
  • Books
  • Software
  • Projects
  • Process
  • Tools
  • Basics
  • Formula
  • Power Plant
  • Root Cause Analysis
  • Electrical Basics
  • Animation
  • Standards
  • 4-20 mA Course
  • Siemens PLC Course
Reading: Linear to Square Root Extraction
Share
Notification Show More
Font ResizerAa
Inst ToolsInst Tools
Font ResizerAa
  • Courses
  • Design
  • PLC
  • Interview
  • Control System
Search
  • Courses
  • Automation
    • PLC
    • Control System
    • Safety System
    • Communication
    • Fire & Gas System
  • Instrumentation
    • Design
    • Pressure
    • Temperature
    • Flow
    • Level
    • Vibration
    • Analyzer
    • Control Valve
    • Switch
    • Calibration
    • Erection & Commissioning
  • Interview
    • Instrumentation
    • Electrical
    • Electronics
    • Practical
  • Q&A
    • Instrumentation
    • Control System
    • Electrical
    • Electronics
    • Analog Electronics
    • Digital Electronics
    • Power Electronics
    • Microprocessor
Follow US
All rights reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part without written permission is prohibited.
Inst Tools > Blog > Flow Measurement > Linear to Square Root Extraction

Linear to Square Root Extraction

In Linear to Square Root Conversion, Relationship is non-linear there is a greater change in flow at low pressures compared to higher ones.

Last updated: October 31, 2023 2:26 pm
Editorial Staff
Flow Measurement Formulas
3 Comments
Share
2 Min Read
SHARE

Some pressure measurements are used to indirectly derive another type of measurand. One of these is the Rate of Flow of a gas or liquid. The flow rate along a closed pipe is directly proportional to the square root of the pressure drop or differential pressure between two points.

Contents
Linear to Square Root Conversion FormulaLinear to Square Root Conversion Table

Since the relationship is non-linear there is a greater change in flow at low pressures compared to higher ones. In order to optimize the resolution of flow measurement the output on some differential pressure transmitters can be altered so that it is directly proportional to the flow rate rather than the differential pressure.

Linear to Square Root Conversion Formula

The following formula can be used for converting a linear 4-20mA current loop output to a square root extraction type:

[Output Sq Rt] = 4mA + (4 x Square Root of ([Output Linear] – 4mA))

The reverse formula for converting a square root extraction output to a linear one is: 

[Output Linear] = 4mA + (([Output Sq Rt] – 4mA)^2 / 16)

The following table shows values for linear to square root extraction and vice versa (please note all conversion values are rounded to 2 decimal places):

Linear to Square Root Conversion Table

Linear to Square root conversion

If you liked this article, then please subscribe to our YouTube Channel for Instrumentation, Electrical, PLC, and SCADA video tutorials.

You can also follow us on Facebook and Twitter to receive daily updates.

Read Next:

  • 4-20 mA Formula & Convert
  • Linear % To Square root % 
  • 3-15 psi to 4-20mA Convert
  • Pressure Switch Principle
  • Control Loop Testing
Don't Miss Our Updates
Be the first to get exclusive content straight to your email.
We promise not to spam you. You can unsubscribe at any time.
Invalid email address
You've successfully subscribed !

Continue Reading

Flow Meter K-factor and Calculations
Standardized Volumetric Flow
How Coriolis Mass Flow Meter Measure Density?
Control Valve Cv calculation
What is Gas Meter and Regulating Station?
Importance of Flow Meter Turndown Ratio
Share This Article
Facebook Whatsapp Whatsapp LinkedIn Copy Link
Share
3 Comments
  • Tauhid Ashraf says:
    April 4, 2016 at 3:26 pm

    Hello Sir,
    8 mA is missing in the above table.

    Reply
  • prabir basak says:
    May 25, 2016 at 4:55 am

    Descriptions is very good

    Reply
  • Hariharan S says:
    January 10, 2022 at 4:46 pm

    Please derive an example calculation?

    Reply

Leave a Reply Cancel reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Stay Connected

128.3kFollowersLike
69.1kFollowersFollow
208kSubscribersSubscribe
38kFollowersFollow

Categories

Explore More

Facts About Orifice Flow Meters
Coriolis Flow Meter Construction
Mass Flow Calculations
Scaling Sensor Output to Engineering Units
Turbine Flow Meter Coefficient and Scaling Factor
Relationship between Temperature Scales
Turbine Flow Meters Animation
Formulas to calculate mA from PV, LRV and URV

Keep Learning

DP type Flow Transmitter Calibration

DP type Flow Transmitter Preventive Maintenance and Calibration

Closed Tank Remote Seal Level Transmitter calculation

Remote Seal Transmitters Ranging Calculation

Laminar Flow Meter Working Principle

Laminar Flow Meter Working Principle

Thermal Dispersion Flow Switch Working Principle

Thermal Dispersion Flow Switch Working Principle

Flow Meter Calibration Procedure

Flow Meter Calibration

Orifice Flow Meter With DP Transmitter

What is an Orifice Meter?

Current-to-Percentage-Conversion

Formula for Current 4-20ma to Percentage Conversion

Closed Tank Level Measurement Formula

Siemens Differential Pressure Transmitter Calculations (Flange Type)

Learn More

Determine Level of Liquid in the Vessel and its Specific Gravity

Determine Level of Liquid in the Vessel and its Specific Gravity

What is a Flange Gasket ?

What is a Flange Gasket ?

A typical wiring diagram from Field Transmitter to Control Room

How to Wire a Field instrument to Control Room with Example

Tank car bonding at siding

Electrical Static Grounding Techniques

3-way solenoid valve Normally Open

What is a 3-way Solenoid Valve ?

Encoder Principle

Encoder Working Principle

Common Materials used in Instrumentation Cables

Common Materials used in Instrumentation Cables

Power Supply Unit with Diode Protection

Why we use Diode Protection Modules ?

Follow US
All rights reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part without written permission is prohibited.
Welcome Back!

Sign in to your account

Username or Email Address
Password

Lost your password?