Definition Kv-value: Amount of flow (m3/hour) of water of 20°C in a valve with a pressure loss of 1 bar.
The amount of flow of a fluid through a (solenoid) valve can easily be calculated with flow coefficient Kv. Please note that for gases (e.g. air) a different formula is used (see correction factor gases below).
The Kv-value expresses the flow rate of water in m3/hour in a valve with a pressure loss of 1 bar and a temperature of 20°C. Pay attention that the Kv-value is expressed in m3/hour, while the kv-value (lowercase!) is expressed in l/min.
To calculate the flow rate the following formula is used:
where:
The Kv-value of a valve is determined by a standardized test according to VDI/VDE 2173. For this purpose a test set-up is used, such as shown in the following schematic drawing:
Sometimes, the Cv value is given instead of the Kv value. The Cv value can be converted to the Kv-value with a conversion factor:
The diagram below is a nice tool to simplify the conversion between the different coefficients. The conversion factor between two coefficients is indicated with arrows.
Kv (with a capital K) expresses the flow rate in m3/hour, kv (lowercase) in l/min.
If several valves are connected in parallel, the Kv value can be determined simply by adding up all Kv values.
When using gases, a different formula for the flow rate should be used. Also, a distinction between subsonic and supersonic flows is made. “Qn” indicates that the formula is valid for standard conditions (20°C).
The flow rate is expressed in Nm3/h (Normal cubic metre per hour).
Where:
The Kv-value must be at least 0.3.
Also Read: Control Valve Cv Calculation
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How we need to calculate Size and percentage of opening of valve? is there any cv table for solinoid valve