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Inst Tools > Blog > Temperature Measurement > Types of Thermowells

Types of Thermowells

Last updated: January 1, 2020 10:12 am
Editorial Staff
Temperature Measurement
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Thermowell is provided to protect the temperature sensor from mechanical damage and corrosion.

Contents
Types of ThermowellsBar Stock Threaded ThermowellBar Stock Weld-In ThermowellBar Stock Flanged ThermowellFabricated Weld-In ThermowellFabricated Threaded ThermowellFabricated Flanged ThermowellSpecial ThermowellsVan Stone Type ThermowellWelding OperationNozzle suitable for Collar Design ThermowellThermowell Material Selection Guide

An extremely sturdy design may increase the life of the sensor but may lead to a poor response. Similarly, a delicate design will have poor life but will improve the response time. Therefore, a proper balance needs to be struck.

For given process parameters, we can arrive at an optimum Thermowell design considering aspects such as temperature, pressure, fluid velocity and corrosion. Such designs will conform to ASTM PTC 19.3.

The Thermowell material can be brass, SS304, SS316, SS316L, SS310, Inconel® 600, Incoloy® 800, Monel®, Hastelloy® depending upon the process parameters and type of fluid.

Types of Thermowells

  1. Bar Stock Threaded (BT) (Process threads NPT, BSP or Metric)
  2. Bar Stock Flanged (BF) (Flanges as per ANSI, BS or DIN )
  3. Bar Stock Weld In (BW)
  4. Fabricated Threaded (FT)
  5. Fabricated Flanged (FF)
  6. Fabricated Weld In (FW)

Barstock Thermowell is normally offered up to an insertion length of 600mm.

Fabricated Thermowells are recommended above 600mm. If required, insertion length can be determined by performing wake frequency calculations, in accordance with PTC 19.3.

Welding (tig welding process) of the Thermowell is performed by professional and approved welders following practice laid down in the ASME code and weld joints can be tested up to 600 kg/cm.

Bore concentricity within 10% of wall thickness can be checked by radiography or ultrasonic method. Special material tests such as an ultrasonic test for flaw detection are also available.

Bar Stock Threaded Thermowell

 Types of Thermowells

  • Bore in mm (d)
  • Cold End Diameter in mm (D2)
  • Hot End Diameter in mm (D1)
  • Insertion Length in mm (U)
  • Tip Thickness in mm (t)
  • Extension Length in mm (T)
  • Dia of Barstock in mm (D)

Bar Stock Weld-In Thermowell

Bar Stock Weld In Thermowell

Bar Stock Flanged Thermowell

Bar Stock Flanged Thermowell

Fabricated Weld-In Thermowell

Fabricated Weld In Thermowell

Fabricated Threaded Thermowell

Fabricated Threaded Thermowell

Fabricated Flanged Thermowell

Fabricated Flanged Thermowell

Special Thermowells

Van Stone Type Thermowell

Van Stone Type Thermowell

For high-pressure applications and where welding is to be avoided, Van Stone design thermowells are used. These are machined from single bar stock, sandwiched between the nozzle flange and cover (companion) flange.

The OD of the machined portion corresponding to the raised face portion of the flange. Wake frequency calculations (in accordance with PTC 19.3) are performed where ever data is made available and are essential in order to suggest appropriate dimensions of thermowell.

Welding Operation

Thermowells are often with welded design. Welding is the most critical operation as improper welding can cause the failure of welding in process in the form of corrosion & crack. This is particularly serious when thermowell is being used for critical applications such as Hydrogen, H2S or explosive media.

Nozzle suitable for Collar Design Thermowell

Engineers many times face a lot of problems in installing collar design thermowells at the site due to the following reasons:

a) Nozzle ID is inconsistent.

b) Some weld material penetrates inside Nozzle blocking entry of collar.

Nozzle suitable for Collar Design Thermowell

To solve these problems we supply collar design thermowells along with the matching nozzle. The engineer only has to weld the weldolet at the site.

Thermowell Material Selection Guide

 

Thermowell materials selection guide

Source: prisma-instruments

Read Next:

  • Thermowell Insertion Length
  • Calibration of Thermocouple
  • Types of Thermocouples
  • Compensation of Thermocouple
  • Errors of Thermocouple
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Thermocouple Cold Junction Compensation
Thermowell Wake Frequency Calculation
Testing thermocouples and RTDs using Multi-function Calibrators
Why have been limits imposed on the frequency ratio for thermowells?
Peltier Effect Theory
Thermocouple Temperature Measurement Errors
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