The first industrial programmable logic controller (PLC) was manufactured by the Modicon company in the United States, and very soon after the development of this revolutionary control computer that same manufacturer developed a digital communication network called Modbus designed to allow multiple Modicon PLCs to communicate data between each other over simple two- or three-conductor network cables. The development of Modbus happened in 1979, and for better or for worse this same communication protocol is still in widespread use at the time of this writing.
This module introduces the Modbus protocol along with practical applications for its use. Important concepts related to Modbus include digital versus analog signaling, digital memory reading versus writing, memory addresses, serial protocols, the OSI Reference model, master versus slave network devices, data frames, error checking, encapsulation, and digital codes.
Here are some good questions to ask yourself while studying this subject:
In the following system, an industrial computer sends a Modbus query to a programmable logic controller (PLC), which in turn replies with a Modbus response.
Both devices use Modbus ASCII to communicate, which allows us to use a pair of portable laptop computers to display each message in human-readable form:
ASCII message sent by the industrial computer = :050610010200E2
ASCII message sent in response by the PLC = :050610010200E2
Analysis of Modbus query : 05 06 1001 0200 E2
The PLC’s response to this message is to simply echo it verbatim so that the industrial computer will be able to verify its receipt.
In the following system, an industrial computer sends a Modbus query to a programmable logic controller (PLC), which in turn replies with a Modbus response.
Both devices use Modbus ASCII to communicate, which allows us to use a pair of portable laptop/computers to display each message in human-readable form:
ASCII message sent by the industrial computer = :050310000002E6
ASCII message sent in response by the PLC = :050304FF0600648B
Analysis of modbus query : 05 03 1000 0002 E6
Analysis of modbus response : 05 03 04 FF06 0064 8B
© 2019-2021 by Tony R. Kuphaldt – under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License
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