Whenever you pass around a transformer, you must have heard a strange sound of humming surrounding it. This is mostly heard in large transformers. This sounds weird but it is true; because everyone wonders why if there is no moving part in it, then why the sound is produced.
In this post, we will learn why a humming sound is produced in a transformer because it will then help the engineers to design the transformer properly.
A transformer works on converting voltage either in step-up or step-down mode. It has two basic windings – primary and secondary. The windings are wound on a laminated magnetic core sheet. There are multiple such sheets in a transformer housing.
These cores are multiple in number to reduce Eddy current losses. When current flows through windings, a magnetic field is generated around the cores. It will then flow fully around the cores. This means that the laminated sheets are now turning into a magnet when electric current flows through them.
Now, an AC current pulsates up and down in every cycle. So, suppose at 50 Hz of supply, the magnetic field will change its shape 200 times even in just two cycles (50 up and 50 down). As the magnetic field is flowing through the core, it means that the field will expand and contract 200 times in 2 cycles.
So, you can imagine how the magnet is expanding and contracting such fast. This is not only in a single core sheet; there are multiple such core sheets. If all the cores are behaving in the same way, then the sheets will vibrate in a large way. This rapid vibration causes a humming sound. This concept causes a humming sound in the transformer.
You cannot completely eliminate the noise, but at least you can reduce the humming sound or stay away from it in the following ways:
In this way, we understand how a humming sound is produced in a transformer.
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