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Inst Tools > Blog > PLC Tutorials > How to Convert Voltage to Current using Resistor ?

How to Convert Voltage to Current using Resistor ?

Last updated: March 4, 2021 3:33 pm
Editorial Staff
PLC Tutorials
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In this article, we discuss about How to Convert Voltage to Current using Resistor with different examples like 0-10 VDC to 0-20 mA Conversion, 0-5 VDC to 0-20 mA Conversion.

Contents
Convert Voltage to CurrentExample : 0-10 VDC to 0-20 mA ConversionExample : 0-5 VDC to 0-20 mA Conversion

Convert Voltage to Current

It is extremely simple to measure 0-10Vdc signal with a device that will measure only Current inputs. If Current input module available will accept a 0-20mA signal, but may not accept a 0-10Vdc signal directly.

Basically, Ohms law is used to calculate a resistor value in order to convert the 0-10Vdc signal to a current.

How to Convert Voltage to Current using Resistor

Example : 0-10 VDC to 0-20 mA Conversion

Ohms law states: R = V/I where V is the Voltage, I is the current and R is the resistance 

R = 10V/0.020A = 500 Ohms

0-10 VDC to 0-20 mA Conversion
 I= V/R = 0/500   = 0mA
 
I= V/R = 10/500 = 0.02A = 20mA

Example : 0-5 VDC to 0-20 mA Conversion

Ohms law states: R = V/I where V is the Voltage, I is the current and R is the resistance 

R = 5V/0.020A = 250 Ohms

0-5 VDC to 0-20 mA Conversion
I= V/R = 0/250   = 0mA

I= V/R = 5/250 = 0.02A = 20mA

Note:-

  • To avoid damage you must ensure that the external current source has short-circuit protection in all conductor cases.
  • The external resistor is a source of error because of its dependency on temperature and its inaccuracy.
  • In order to obtain measuring results that are as precise as possible it is recommended to use resistors with tolerances that are as small as possible.

Credits : myplctechnology blog

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1 Comment
  • Chromium says:
    September 17, 2019 at 2:46 am

    You didn’t consider the internal resistance of the input.

    Reply

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