On-Off control is the simplest form of feedback control. An on-off controller simply drives the manipulated variable from fully closed…
There are three leads in a transistor viz., emitter, base and collector terminals. However, when a transistor is to be…
The DP level measurement techniques use inferred (indirect method) processes and not direct measurements. Namely, the indication of fluid level is…
It would be idealistic to say that the DP Level Transmitters can always be located at the exact the bottom of the…
If the outflow (Qo) increases then the level in the tank will fall. The pressure sensed by the level transmitter, which…
An alternative method of measuring gas concentration is based on absorption of infrared (IR) radiation at certain wavelengths as it passes…
Reset of Integral Action Most of the processes we will be controlling will have a clearly defined setpoint. If we wish…
RATE OR DERIVATIVE ACTION Consider a control system subjected to a disturbance, which causes the error to increase in a ramped…
A thermocouple consists of two pieces of dissimilar metals with their ends joined together (by twisting, soldering or welding). When heat…
Every type of metal has a unique composition and has a different resistance to the flow of electrical current. This is…
