2000+ Instrumentation Engineering Questions

Explore 2000+ Instrumentation Engineering questions and answers covering industrial instrumentation, process control, automation systems, field instruments, calibration, troubleshooting, and measurement technologies.

This collection includes practical engineering questions related to:

• Pressure Measurement
• Flow Measurement
• Level Measurement
• Temperature Instruments
• Control Valves
• Calibration and Maintenance
• PLC & DCS Systems
• Sensors and Transmitters
• Process Control
• Industrial Automation
• Analytical Instrumentation
• Vibration Monitoring

The topics are based on real industrial applications and engineering practices used in power plants, oil & gas industries, refineries, manufacturing plants, chemical industries, and automation projects.

These Instrumentation Engineering questions help improve technical knowledge, troubleshooting skills, and practical understanding of industrial control systems and instrumentation technologies.

Browse the Instrumentation Engineering questions below and explore technical discussions, practical concepts, and industrial engineering knowledge.

Instrumentation Engineering Questions

S.No.	Instrumentation Question
1	How many master devices can exist in one HART communication loop?
2	Which type of flow meter uses the principle of Bernoulli’s equation?
3	What does the letter “A” represent in the “HART” protocol?
4	What type of control action anticipates disturbance before it affects?
5	In cascade control, secondary loop primarily improves which performance aspect of the main control loop?
6	In a feedback loop, what is the primary purpose of comparing PV with SP?
7	If transmitter fails but controller is active, what happens to loop?
8	In a control loop, error is defined as the difference between which two parameters?
9	The force applied to a strain gauge causes it to bend and ___
10	Alphatron measures pressure ___ microns
11	Refer to the simplified drawing of a control rod position detector circuit ___
12	Reed switches are being used in an electrical measuring circuit to monitor the position of a control rod in a reactor ___
13	Which one of the following devices is commonly used to provide remote indication of valve position on an analog meter in units of “percent of full open” ___
14	What type of sensor is most commonly used to provide remote position indication of a valve that is normally either fully open or fully closed ___
15	Refer to the drawing of a simple chromel-alumel thermocouple circuit. Initially, the temperature instrument indicates 350°F ___
16	Refer to the drawing of a simple chromel-alumel thermocouple circuit. The thermocouple, thermocouple connection head, and reference junction panel are located inside a reactor building (RB), while the temperature instrument is located outside the RB ___
17	Because of a thermocouple temperature display failure, the millivolt output of a thermocouple circuit is being converted to a temperature value using conversion tables. The tables are based on a thermocouple reference ___
18	Because of a thermocouple temperature display failure, the millivolt output of a thermocouple circuit is being converted to a temperature value using conversion tables ___
19	Refer to the drawing of a simple chromel-alumel thermocouple circuit. The thermocouple, thermocouple connection head, and reference junction panel are located inside a reactor building (RB) while the temperature instrument is located outside the RB ___
20	Refer to the drawing of a simple thermocouple circuit. Given that the temperatures at the measuring and reference junctions remain constant ___
21	Refer to the drawing of a simple thermocouple circuit. A thermocouple temperature indication is initially 390°F ___
22	Refer to the drawing of a simple thermocouple circuit that is calibrated for a reference junction temperature of 90°F ___
23	Refer to the drawing of a simple thermocouple circuit. A thermocouple temperature indication is initially 150°F ___
24	Refer to the drawing of a simple thermocouple circuit. A thermocouple temperature indication is initially 350°F ___
25	An operator suspects that a steam temperature instrument reading is not correct ___
26	If shorting occurs within a resistance temperature detector, the associated indication will fail ___
27	A resistance temperature detector (RTD) is used in a balanced bridge circuit to indicate temperature ___
28	A simple two-wire resistance temperature detector (RTD) is being used to measure the temperature in a water system ___
29	For proper operation of a thermocouple circuit, the reference junction temperatue ___
30	Refer to the drawing of a simple thermocouple circuit. The measuring junction temperature is currently 300°F while the reference junction temperature is being held constant at 120°F ___
31	A resistance temperature detector (RTD) and a thermocouple (TC) are commonly used sensors for temperature measurement ___
32	A simple two-wire resistance temperature detector (RTD) is being used to measure the temperature of a water system ___
33	Refer to the drawing of a simple chromel-alumel thermocouple circuit. What is the effect on the thermocouple reference junctions if the copper extension wires from the ___
34	Which one of the following is a characteristic of a resistance temperature detector but not a thermocouple ___
35	Refer to the drawing of a simple chromel-alumel thermocouple circuit. What is the effect on the thermocouple reference junctions if the chromel and alumel extension wires from the thermocouple connection head to the ___
36	Refer to the drawing of a simple thermocouple circuit. The measuring and reference junctions are located inside the reactor containment building while the instrument is located in a remote location outside the containment building ___
37	Refer to the drawing of a simple thermocouple circuit. A thermocouple temperature indication is initially 410°F with the reference (cold) junction at 125°F ___
38	Unlike a resistance temperature detector, a typical thermocouple ___
39	Refer to the drawing of a simple thermocouple circuit ___
40	In contrast to a thermocouple, a resistance temperature detector ___
41	Which one of the following describes a characteristic of a thermocouple ___
42	A bourdon-tube pressure detector was indicating 50 percent of scale when it was suddenly exposed to a high pressure transient that caused permanent strain to the bourdon tube ___
43	Which one of the following parameters requires square root compensation when measured by a differential pressure detector ___
44	A cooling water system pressure detector uses a bourdon tube as the sensing element. Which one of the following explains how the indicated system pressure will be affected if ___
45	A cooling water system pressure detector uses a bourdon tube as the sensing element ___
46	The pressure within a cooling water system is 100 psig, as indicated by a bourdon tube pressure detector ___
47	A properly calibrated 0 to 100 psia diaphragm pressure detector is connected to a pressurized system; the low pressure side of the detector is vented to the atmosphere ___
48	Refer to the drawing of a bellows-type pressure detector ___
49	A cooling water system bourdon tube pressure detector is located inside a sealed building and system pressure currently indicates 50 psig ___
50	Cooling water system pressure is being monitored by a simple diaphragm pressure detector with its low pressure side vented to the containment ___
51	A simple bellows pressure detector is connected to a cooling water system ___
52	A centrifugal pump is taking suction from the bottom of a vented cylindrical storage tank that contains 100,000 gallons of water at 60°F ___
53	A bourdon tube works on the principle that when the pressure inside the tube decreases, the tube tends to ___
54	Refer to the drawing of a bellows-type differential pressure (D/P) detector. The spring in this detector (shown in a compressed state) has weakened from long-term use ___
55	If the pressure sensed by a bourdon tube increases, the curvature of the detector will ___ because the greater force is being applied to the ___ curve of the detector
56	Refer to the drawing of a reactor vessel (RV) differential pressure (D/P) level detection system (see figure below). A reactor is shutdown with the reactor coolant system being maintained at 100 psia ___
57	Refer to the drawing of a reactor vessel (RV) differential pressure (D/P) level detection system. The reactor vessel is supplying steam at normal operating ___
58	Refer to the drawing of a reactor vessel differential pressure (D/P) level detection system that was calibrated at normal operating conditions. A reactor vessel cooldown has resulted in a decrease in reactor vessel pressure ___
59	Refer to the drawing of a reactor vessel differential pressure (D/P) level detection system. Which one of the following events will result in a reactor vessel level indication that is greater than actual level ___
60	Refer to the drawing of a reactor vessel differential pressure (D/P) level detection system. Which one of the following will result in the lowest reactor vessel level indication ___
61	Refer to the drawing of a reactor vessel (RV) differential pressure (D/P) level detection system. Which one of the following events will result in a reactor vessel level indication that is greater than actual level ___
62	Refer to the drawing of a reactor vessel differential pressure (D/P) level detection system. The D/P detector was calibrated at the current conditions ___
63	Refer to the drawing of a water storage tank with a differential pressure (D/P) level detection system. Which one of the following failures will cause the lowest stable water level indication?
64	Reactor feedwater flow and vessel level detectors use differential pressure (D/P) cells to measure flow and level. If a level D/P cell diaphragm fails, the level indication ___
65	Refer to the drawing of a water storage tank with a differential pressure (D/P) level detection system. The level instrument has just been calibrated to ___
66	Refer to the drawing of a water storage tank with a differential pressure (D/P) level detection system. Assume that the initial temperature of the reference leg and the water in the tank are the ___
67	Refer to the drawing of a reactor vessel level detection system ___
68	Refer to the drawing of a water storage tank with a differential pressure (D/P) level detector. The level detector is being used in a level control system that is calibrated to maintain tank level at ___
69	Refer to the drawing of a water storage tank with a differential pressure (D/P) level detector. The level detector is being used in a level control system that is ___
70	Refer to the drawing of a water storage tank with a differential pressure (D/P) level detection system. A calibrated D/P level detector is being used to ___
71	Refer to the drawing of two water storage tanks with four differential pressure (D/P) level detectors
72	Refer to the drawing of a water storage tank with a differential pressure (D/P) level detection system. Tank water level indication will be lower than actual level when reference leg temperature is ___
73	Refer to the drawing of two water storage tanks with four differential pressure (D/P) level detectors ___
74	Refer to the drawing of a water storage tank with a differential pressure (D/P) level detection system. The level detector has just been calibrated ___
75	Refer to the drawing of a water storage tank with a differential pressure (D/P) level detection system. The water storage tank is 40 feet tall ___
76	Refer to the drawing of a water storage tank with a differential pressure (D/P) level detection system. The D/P level detector was just calibrated and returned to operation with the following conditions ___
77	Refer to the drawing of a differential pressure (D/P) level detection system for a reactor vessel at normal operating temperature and pressure. The level detector has just been calibrated ___
78	The downcomer region of a reactor vessel contains 40 feet of saturated water at 536°F ___
79	Refer to the drawing of a water storage tank with a differential pressure (D/P) level detection system ___
80	Refer to the drawing of a water storage tank with two tank differential pressure (D/P) level indicators ___
81	A cooling water system is cooling a lube oil heat exchanger ___
82	Refer to the drawing of a water storage tank with a differential pressure (D/P) level detection system. The D/P sensed by the detector varies in the ___ direction as the temperature of the water in the tank if the ___
83	Many reactor vessel water level instruments are designed with a condensing chamber in the reference leg ___
84	Refer to the drawing of a reactor vessel differential pressure (D/P) level detection system ___
85	Refer to the drawing of a differential pressure (D/P) level detection system for a reactor vessel at normal operating temperature and pressure ___
86	Refer to the drawing of a water storage tank with two differential pressure (D/P) level indicators. Indicator 1 was calibrated at 120°F and indicator 2 was calibrated at 180°F. If tank water temperature is ___
87	Refer to the drawing of a reactor vessel differential pressure (D/P) level detection system that was recently calibrated at normal operating conditions ___
88	Refer to the drawing of a reactor vessel (RV) differential pressure (D/P) level detection system that was recently calibrated at normal operating conditions ___
89	A reactor is currently shut down at 180°F. Reactor vessel (RV) level is being monitored using a differential pressure detector with a wet reference leg ___
90	Refer to the drawing of a reactor vessel differential pressure (D/P) level detection system that was calibrated at 500 psia ___
91	Refer to the drawing of a reactor vessel differential pressure (D/P) level detection system that was calibrated at 1,000 psia ___
92	Refer to the drawing of a water storage tank with two differential pressure (D/P) level indicators (see figure below). Indicator 1 was calibrated at 180°F and indicator 2 was calibrated at 120°F ___
93	Refer to the drawing of a water storage tank with a differential pressure (D/P) level detector. The level detector is being used in a level control system that was calibrated to maintain tank level at 80 percent at the ___
94	Refer to the drawing of a water storage tank with a differential pressure (D/P) level detector that was recently calibrated at a tank water temperature of 80°F. If the mass of the water in the tank remains the same while the tank water temperature is ___
95	Refer to the drawing of a water storage tank with two differential pressure (D/P) level indicators. Two D/P level indicators are installed on a large water storage tank ___
96	Refer to the drawing of a water storage tank with a differential pressure (D/P) level detector. The associated level instrument was calibrated with the water ___
97	Two differential pressure level transmitters are installed on a large water storage tank ___
98	Refer to the drawing of a water storage tank with a differential pressure (D/P) level detector. The associated level instrument was calibrated with the ___
99	Refer to the drawing of a water storage tank with a differential pressure (D/P) level detection system (see figure below). The level detector is being used in a level control system that was calibrated to maintain tank level at 80 percent when the ___
100	Refer to the drawing of a water storage tank with two differential pressure (D/P) level indicators. Indicator 1 was calibrated at 120°F and indicator 2 was calibrated at 180°F ___
101	Refer to the drawing of a water storage tank with two differential pressure (D/P) level indicators ___
102	Refer to the drawing of a water storage tank with a differential pressure (D/P) level detector ___
103	Refer to the drawing of a reactor vessel (RV) differential pressure (D/P) level detection system ___
104	A differential pressure detector is being used with an orifice plate to measure water flow rate through a pipe. When the flow instrument was last calibrated, the ___
105	A steam flow measuring instrument uses density compensation and square root extraction to convert the differential pressure across the flow element to flow rate in lbm/hr ___
106	Refer to the drawing of a horizontal pipe elbow (top view) in an operating water system. Three separate bellows-type differential pressure flow detectors are connected to taps A, B, C, and D as follows ___
107	Refer to the drawing of a pipe elbow used for flow measurement in a cooling water system. A differential pressure (D/P) flow detector is properly connected to instrument lines A and C ___
108	A cooling water system is operating at a steady-state flow rate of 400 gpm with 60 psid across the flow transmitter venturi. If cooling water flow rate is increased to 600 gpm, differential pressure across the ___
109	A cooling water system is operating at a steady-state flow rate of 400 gpm with 60 psid across the flow transmitter venturi ___
110	A differential pressure detector is being used with an orifice plate to measure water flow rate through a pipe ___
111	Refer to the drawing of a horizontal pipe elbow (top view) in an operating water system. Three separate bellows differential pressure flow detectors are connected to taps A, B, C, and D as follows ___
112	Refer to the drawing of a pipe elbow used for flow measurement in a cooling water system. A differential pressure (D/P) flow detector is connected to instrument lines A and B ___
113	A cooling water system is operating at a steady-state flow rate of 500 gpm with 60 psid across the flow transmitter venturi ___
114	Refer to the drawing of a pipe elbow used for flow measurement in a cooling water system ___
115	Water is flowing through each of the following devices ___
116	Refer to the drawing of a horizontal pipe elbow (top view) in an operating water system ___
117	Refer to the drawing of a pipe elbow (top view) in an operating water system. At which one of the following pairs of connection points will the greatest differential pressure be sensed ___
118	Flow rate in a cooling water system, measured using a differential pressure (D/P) detector, indicates 100 gpm at a D/P of 30 psid. If indicated flow rate increases to 150 gpm, what D/P is being sensed by the detector ___
119	If the flow rate through a differential pressure (D/P) detector flow nozzle doubles, by what factor would the D/P increase ___
120	Refer to the drawing of a pipe elbow (top view) in an operating water system. At which one of the following locations is the highest pressure sensed ___
121	Refer to the drawing of a pipe elbow (top view) in an operating water system ___
122	A steam flow measuring instrument uses density compensation and square root compensation to convert the differential pressure across a flow element to flow rate in lbm/hr ___
123	The flow rate of water passing through a venturi can be determined by measuring the ___
124	How will flow rate indication be affected if the equalizing valve for the associated differential pressure detector is fully opened ___
125	An orifice is being used in an operating cooling water system to measure flow rate ___
126	A flow instrument for an operating cooling water system was calibrated with the differential pressure flow detector equalizing valve slightly open ___
127	If the orifice in a differential pressure (D/P) flow sensor erodes such that the orifice opening becomes larger, indicated flow rate will ___ due to a ___ D/P across the orifice
128	Which one of the following will cause indicated liquid flow rate to be higher than actual flow rate when using a differential pressure (D/P) flow detector with a calibrated orifice ___
129	Flow rate is being measured using a differential pressure flow detector and a calibrated orifice ___
130	A differential pressure flow detector is connected to a calibrated orifice in a cooling water system ___
131	A differential pressure (D/P) cell is being used to measure flow rate in a cooling water system ___
132	A leak develops in the high-pressure side of a flow detector. What effect does the leak have on the affected flow indication ___
133	A nuclear power plant is initially operating with the following main steam parameter values ___
134	A main steam flow rate differential pressure detector was properly calibrated to produce a main steam flow rate indication of 500,000 lbm/hr with the following initial input conditions ___
135	If the steam pressure input to a density-compensated steam flow instrument fails high, the associated flow rate indication will ___
136	Density input is normally used in steam flow instruments to convert ___ into ___
137	The density compensating input to a steam flow instrument is used to convert volumetric flow rate into ___
138	If the density input to a density-compensated steam flow instrument rapidly fails high, the indicated flow will ___
139	The change in pressure across a main steam line flow element is ___
140	Refer to the drawing of a frictionless venturi flow element. Subcooled water is flowing through the venturi with the ___
141	Refer to the drawing of a frictionless venturi flow element. Subcooled water is flowing through the venturi with the following initial conditions ___
142	Refer to the drawing of a frictionless venturi flow element ___
143	For water flowing through a venturi, there is a proportional relationship between flow rate and differential pressure ___
144	A cooling water system uses a horizontal venturi with a differential pressure flow detector to provide flow rate indication. Water enters and leaves the venturi at ___
145	The following is the current calibration data for an orifice plate that is being used for water flow rate measurement ___
146	Refer to the drawing of a venturi flow element in an operating cooling water system. At what point does the lowest pressure exist ___
147	A cooling water system uses a horizontal venturi with a differential pressure flow detector to provide flow rate indication ___
148	A differential pressure detector is being used with an orifice plate to measure water flow rate through a pipe. When the flow detector was last calibrated, the following parameters were observed ___
149	A main steam flow rate measuring instrument uses a steam pressure input to produce main steam mass flow rate indication. Assuming steam volumetric flow rate does not change, a steam pressure decrease will cause indicated steam mass flow rate to ___
150	A venturi is being used to measure the flow rate in a cooling water system. As the water flows from the throat to the discharge of the venturi, water pressure will ___; and volumetric flow rate will ___
151	A cooling water system is operating at a steady-state flow rate of 700 gpm with 60 psid across the associated venturi flow element ___
152	Which one of the following flow measuring elements produces the largest unrecoverable head loss when used in an operating fluid system ___
153	A cooling water system is operating at steady-state conditions. A calibrated system flow meter indicates 600 gpm with 50 psid across the flow element ___
154	Refer to the drawing of a venturi flow element in an operating cooling water system ___
155	Refer to the drawing of a venturi flow element (see figure below) with direction of water flow indicated by the arrow ___
156	A cooling water system is operating at a steady-state flow rate of 700 gpm with 60 psid across the flow transmitter venturi. If cooling water flow rate is increased to 1,000 gpm, differential pressure across the flow transmitter venturi will be ___
157	As water flows through a venturi flow element, the ___ pressure and the ___ velocity of the fluid occurs at the throat of the venturi
158	Refer to the drawing of a convergent-divergent venturi (see figure below). Subcooled water is flowing through the venturi, and the pipe diameters at P1 and P2 are equal ___
159	A cooling water system is operating at steady-state conditions indicating 900 gpm with 60 psid across the flow transmitter venturi. If cooling water flow rate is increased to 1,800 gpm, differential pressure ___
160	What happens to the pressure and velocity of water as it passes through a venturi ___
161	If the pressure in a closed vessel is greater than the atmospheric pressure (the outside air), then a ___ switch is used to monitor the exact pressure inside the vessel
162	If the pressure inside a closed vessel is less than the atmospheric pressure, then a ___ switch is used to monitor the lack of pressure inside the vessel
163	Solid-state devices, which are used to sense pressure, include pressure transducers and load cells ___
164	The ___ switch has the advantage over the mechanical limit or liquid-level switch, in that physical contact of the medium being sensed is not required
165	The typical mechanical limit switch has an operator head that will accept several different types of ___
166	The capillary-type temperature switch is actually a pressure switch ___
167	A ___ switch is employed to monitor the position of a liquid according to the depth of the containing vessel, whereas a ___ switch is employed to sense the flow of a fluid in a pipe or conduit or an open channel
168	Proximity switches are solid-state devices that can use ___ or ___ to sense the presence of a material, either its position or fluid level
169	Temperature switches normally use the expansion of heated metals or fluids to sense a change in temperature ___
170	Float or liquid-level switches, like most pilot devices, normally contain both a set of NO and a set of NC contacts ___
171	A ___ switch is employed to monitor the position of a liquid according to the depth of the containing vessel
172	In addition to On/Off control, temperature controllers offer other refinements or regulation that will monitor the rate at which the temperature of the air or material is heating (or cooling) to prevent overheating (or overcooling) ___
173	___ switches sense the flow of a fluid in a pipe or conduit or an open channel. These sensing devices are often referred to as ___ switches because the operator appears to be a sail as used on a boat
174	A difference of pressure is normally sensed by the deflection of metal. In low-pressure applications, a ___ is used to monitor the change in pressure
175	A ___ consists of two dissimilar metals that have been fused to each other along their length
176	In low-pressure applications, a ___ tube is used to monitor the change in pressure
177	___ switches monitor liquid levels in many manufacturing processes
178	A long strip of bimetallic material can be wound into a sort of loose clock-spring appearance, such that a(n) ___ in temperature will tend to unwind the spring (___ -tube principle with pressure), whereas a(n) ___
179	A transducer is a device that is used to ____
180	The deflection of the free end of the bimetallic strips in a bimetallic thermometer with temperature is nearly ___
181	An ideal PID controller has the transfer function ___
182	The transfer function for a first order process with time delay is ___
183	What is the dynamic error in a critically damped second order instrument for a ramp input (At) ___
184	Which of the systems having following transfer functions is stable ___
185	Liquid argon level in a pressurised storage tank is measured by a/an ___
186	Starting temperature of optical radiation pyrometer is ___ °C
187	___ thermometer can not measure sub-zero (< 0° C) temperature,
188	The characteristic equation for the control system with a closed loop ___
189	Transfer functions X/Y for which of the following block diagrams is ___
190	The ___ of the fluid contained in the temperature sensing element (i.e., bulb) of filled system thermometers changes with change in temperature
191	Pirani gauge is used for the measurement of ___
192	Pressure of 0.0001 absolute psi can be measured by ___ gauge
193	For increased speed of response of an expansion pressure spring thermometer, the thermometer bulb should have a ___
194	An amplitude ratio of 0.1 corresponds to ___ decibels
195	Paramagnetism method is not used for the composition determination of ___ in gases
196	The temperature range for which copper resistance thermometer can be used is ___ °C
197	Which of the following can not measure a temperature of 1600°C ___
198	In a single tank system, the transfer function of ___ to inlet flow rate is 1/TS+1
199	Concentration of sugar solution can be determined by the ___
200	Which of the following filled system expansion thermometer has the capability to measure the lowest temperature ___
201	Which thermocouple can be used to measure a temperature of around 1400°C ___
202	Feed forward controller accounts for the ___ changes
203	“A control system is unstable, if the open loop frequency response exhibits an amplitude ratio exceeding unity at the crossover frequency ___
204	Identify an unbounded input from inputs whose transfer functions are given below ___
205	Flow rate of those fluids which are insensitive to changes in their density, viscosity or flow velocity profile can be best measured by a ___
206	Which of the following thermocouple materials does not contain nickel ___
207	Flow rate of a river is measured by a/an ___
208	The fluid used in hydraulic controller is ___
209	Measurement of pressure in ammonia reactor is done by ___
210	Resistance of a gas in a vessel is given by ___
211	In a closed loop system, the process to be controlled is an integrating process with transfer function l/2s ___
212	According to Bode stability criterian, a system is unstable, if the open loop frequency response exhibits an amplitude ratio exceeding unity at frequency for which phase lag is ___
213	Thermodynamic celcius scale of temperature measurement is ___
214	Configuration of Bourdon spring tube is never made of ___ shape
215	Relationship between absorption/evolution of heat at the thermocouple junctions and the current flow in the circuit is given by ___ effect
216	Accurate temperature measurement performance of a radiation pyrometer can not be affected, if the ___
217	Pick out the most suitable instrument for measuring temperature in the range of-40 to 425°C ___
218	What is the overall transfer function (C/R) of the following block diagram if ___
219	Nitrogen gas constant volume thermometer is suitable for measuring a temperature of ___ °C
220	A sinusoidal variation in the input passing through a linear first order system
221	The time constant of a first order process with resistance R and capacitance C is ___
222	The ___ of a vapor pressure thermometer is a primary element
223	The initial value (t=0) of the unit step response of the transfer function [(s + 1)/(2s + 1)] is ___
224	Range of hydrogen gas constant volume themometer is ___ °C
225	Choose out the wrong statement ___
226	Strain gage uses an electrical conductor wire, which when elastically stretched increases in length and reduces in diameter ___
227	Working principle of disappearing filament type optical pyrometer is based on the ___
228	Bode diagram is a plot of ___
229	The transfer function for a P-D controller is ___
230	Thermocouple in a thermal well behaves as a true ___
231	Humidity of air can be determined by a ___
232	A barometer measures the ___ pressure
233	Thermistors are made of ___
234	Degree to which an instrument indicates the changes in measured variable without dynamic error is called its ___
235	Which of the following thermometers is not suitable for distant reading upto 60 metres ___
236	Dead zone is the ___
237	___ temperature scale assigns 0° to the ‘ice point’ and 80° to the ‘steam point’
238	Specific gravity of a liquid can not be measured by a/an ___
239	Liquid flow rate in a small channel is best measured by a/an ___
240	Radiation pyrometers as compared to thermocouples ___
241	Which of the following thermocouples can measure the maximum temperature ___
242	Gas chromatography is used for the measurement of ___
243	The frequency response of a first order system, has a phase shift with lower and upper bounds given by ___
244	The transfer function for an ideal proportional plus reset controller (reset time T) is ___
245	A non-linear chemical system is exemplified by a/an ___
246	In a shell and tube heat exchanger, the flow rate of heating/cooling fluid is the ___ variable
247	The second order system with the transfer function ___
248	Which of the following relates the absorption & evolution of heat at the junctions of a thermocouple to the current flow in the circuit ___
249	Emf developed by a thermocouple, while measuring a temperature of 600°C is about 5.5 mV ___
250	The ___ of a vapor pressure thermometer is a secondary element
251	Continuous shell temperature measurement in a liquid-liquid heat exchanger is done by a ___
252	For an input forcing function ___
253	Select the correct statement from the following ___
254	___ is undesirable in thermocouples used in industries,
255	The symbol for “capillary line” in instrumentation diagram is ___
256	A proportional controller with a gain of ___
257	Which of the following thermocouples will give the highest output for the same value of hot and cold junction temperature ___
258	Nichol’s chart deals with ___
259	The function of a transducer is to ___
260	The transfer function for a PID controller is ___
261	Strain gage pressure transducers are used to measure ___ pressures
262	Zirconia probe is used for the continuous measurment of ___ flue gases going out of the furnace
263	A magnetic flowmeter is ___
264	Which of the following measurements can be made by the measurement of emf ___
265	Volumetric expansion is the working principle of the ___ thermometers
266	Which of the following controllers has the least maximum deviation ___
267	The maximum service temperature for fibre glass used as thermocouple wire insulation material is ___ °C
268	Pick out the first order system from among the following ___
269	Temperature measuring instruments are standardised mostly with ___ points of pure substances
270	Transfer function of transportation lag is ___
271	Smoke density of the flue gas going out of the chimney is measured by a ___
272	The closed loop pole of a stable second order system could be ___
273	Response of a system to a sinusoidal input is called ___ response
274	Thermal conductivity measurement com-prises the working principle of a ___
275	Which of the following temperature measuring instruments need not touch the object whose temperature is being measured ___
276	Instrumentation in a plant offers the advantage of ___
277	The temperature of tempering oil baths maintained at 400°C during heat treatment of steel is measured by a/an ___ thermocouple
278	The operation of a rotameter is based on ___
279	Which of the following is a desirable characteristic of an instrument ___
280	In a single tank system, the transfer function of level to inlet flow rate is ___
281	Dilute wine was used as a thermometric liquid initially to develop temperature scale ___
282	Which of the following relates the emf. generated in a single homogeneous wire to the temperature difference ___
283	Working principle of radiation pyrometer is based on the ___
284	Typical specifications for design stipulates the gain margin and phase margin to be respectively ___
285	Flapper nozzle is used in a/an ___ controller
286	Thermistor, which has high temperature co-efficient of resistivity, is used as the sensing element in resistance thermometer ___
287	A negative gain margin expressed in decibels means a/an ___ system
288	The ___ of a vapor pressure thermometer is a functioning element
289	Pick out the wrong statement ___
290	Which of the following is the dynamic characteristics of an instrument ___
291	Load cells are used for the measurement of ___
292	A device used to position dampers and control valves is termed ___
293	Thermostats may be classified according to their ___
294	On-off thermostats are equipped with ___
295	A bimetal thermostat’s operating range is between ___
296	A room thermostat should be mounted on an inside wall about ___
297	Pressure controllers can be divided into two classes ___
298	An example of a controlled device would be ____
299	Control motors are divided into two classifications ___
300	In a basic electrical control system the device that senses a drop in air temperature is called the ___
301	An example of a final control element is a ___
302	Electronic controllers can be divided into two types ___
303	Transmitters or transducers can measure ___
304	Bimetal thermometers consist of two thin metal strips bonded together. The metal strips must have
305	Iron and constantan can be used in a thermocouple to measure a temperature range of ___
306	The optical pyrometer operates on the principle that the color of a hot object is a measure of its ___
307	Bimetal thermometers are sometimes wound in the form of a helix to ___
308	Thermowells are ____
309	Double Bourdon tube gauge can be used to measure _____
310	Filled thermal elements ___
311	Bellows type elements are generally used to measure pressures below _____ kPa
312	Increasing the number of corrugations in a bellows type element ___
313	The vena contracta is the point where the ___
314	An absolute pressure gauge uses a/an _____ to sense the pressure
315	Optical pyrometers are used ___
316	On the Bellows type of indicating mechanism used in conjunction with orifice plate, the bellows are filled with ___
317	The orifice plate has the advantage over other types of metering restrictions because it ___
318	The most undesirable feature of the orifice plate is the _____
319	Venturi tubes will handle about _____ more flow than an orifice plate with the same pipe size and the same differential pressure
320	When using a venturi tube for flow measurement the high-pressure connection is placed at the _____ of the venturi tube
321	One Pascal is equal to
322	Oil or mercury are sometimes used in thermowells to
323	Rotary type positive displacement meters are independent of temperature, pressure and _____
324	When using the float-type manometer, the differential pressure across the U-tube is greatest when the level in the steam drum is:
325	The pressure differential across an orifice plate is measured by a _____ connection before the plate and a _____ connection after the plate
326	What pressure would be exerted on the base of the container whose area is 1 m2?
327	_____ of liquid in the tank can be converted into a constant proportional air signal
328	A Bourdon tube has an oval cross section, which is often shaped in the form of a “C”, having an arc span of about:
329	Glass thermometers with a mercury fill are sometimes pressurized with nitrogen so it
330	Float cage units are used ___
331	When diaphragms are used as sensing devices to measure level the low-pressure side is filled with __
332	What is the flow when the differential pressure is 81% of designed maximum?
333	Float-type manometers ___
334	Bimetal thermometers consist of two thin metal strips bonded together
335	The coefficient of expansion of aluminum is higher than copper
336	Iron and constantan can be used in a thermocouple to measure any temperature range
337	The optical pyrometer operates on the principle that the color of a hot object is a measure of its temperature
338	Double Bourdon tube gauge is used to measure vacuum only
339	Bellows type elements are generally used to measure pressures below 350 kPa
340	The pressure differential across an orifice plate is measured by a low-pressure connection before ___
341	An orifice plate is the most common form of restriction that is used in flow measurement
342	Venturi tubes will handle about 20% more flow than an orifice plate with ___
343	The most undesirable feature of the orifice plate is the ___
344	Rotary type positive displacement meters are independent of temperature, pressure and specific gravity
345	When diaphragms are used as sensing devices to measure level the low-pressure side is filled with a sealing fluid
346	A continuous air supply is provided to the differential pressure transmitter ___
347	Siphon installed between the boiler and the pressure gauge is to prevent ___
348	Which of the following units would the pressure gauge on a steam boiler likely use?
349	An essential fitting between the boiler and the steam pressure gauge is a ___
350	According to code, the scale of a pressure gauge for a steam heating boiler shall be graduated between ___
351	An indication of a pressure gauge not performing properly is ___
352	When using a dead weight tester, the effect of friction ___
353	An inspector’s test connection for a boiler pressure gauge ___
354	A function of a Bourdon tube gage hairspring is ___
355	When installing a siphon it ___
356	The working medium in the dead weight tester is ___
357	As the boiler pressure increases, the bourdon tube of the pressure gauge will ___
358	The cross-section of a Bourdon tube is generally ___
359	A compound gauge shows both ___
360	Match the following Signals in an P&ID?
361	What does the TIC symbol indicate?
362	Piping and instrumentation diagram indicates ___
363	Match the instrument’s location
364	About the Instrumentation MCQ category
365	Pick out the one which is a first order instrument ___
366	Which of the following is not the triple point of water ___
367	Which of the following is an undesirable dynamic characteristic of an instrument ___
368	What should be used to adjust contact clearances on a relay?
369	What should be used to clean the contacts of a relay?
370	If a relay is NOT operating properly, which of the following items need NOT be checked?
371	If a relay is hermetically sealed with an opaque cover, which of ___
372	If a solenoid is not operating properly, which of ___
373	A solenoid is commonly used in which of the following devices?
374	A solenoid is based upon which of the following principles?
375	Checking a switch with the power applied is accomplished by using which of the following meters?
376	Checking a switch with the circuit power NOT applied is accomplished by ___
377	Designation of switch voltage rating is based on which of the following voltage values?
378	Designation of switch current rating is based on which of the following current values?
379	What is the common name for a accurate snap-acting switch?
380	To guard against the accidental turning off of a circuit, which of ___
381	To guard against the accidental actuation of a circuit, which of the following types of switches are used?
382	Control of a circuit requiring a temporary actuation signal is provided by which of the following switches?
383	What is the maximum number of different single-pole, double throw switch positions possible?
384	What is the maximum number of different single-pole, single throw switch positions possible?
385	A switch actuator is described by which of the following terms?
386	Control or selection of one or more circuits is a function of which of the following switches?
387	Which of the following is an automatic switch?
388	Which of the following is a manual switch?
389	Which of the following are types of circuit control devices?
390	Circuit control devices should NOT be used for which of the following reasons?
391	Which of the following items is NOT checked during maintenance on a circuit breaker?
392	The following actions must be taken prior to working on ___
393	Selective tripping is used to accomplish which of the following purposes?
394	Selective tripping is used to cause which of the following circuit breakers to ___
395	Which of the following is NOT a timedelay rating for a circuit breaker?
396	What type of circuit breaker can be overridden if the operating mechanism is held ON?
397	A circuit breaker that will trip even if the operating mechanism is ___
398	Which of the following is NOT a type of trip element for a circuit breaker?
399	What is the total number of main components in a circuit breaker?
400	When you perform preventive maintenance on ___
401	Which of the following is NOT a safety precaution to be observed when a fuse is changed?
402	Before replacing a fuse, you should check for which of the following conditions?
403	Which of the following is a safety precaution to be observed when a fuse is checked?
404	What should you use to remove a fuse from a clip-type fuseholder?
405	Which of the following methods should be used to check a .002 ampere fuse?
406	A fuse is removed from a circuit, checked with ___
407	Which of the following methods will provide an ABSOLUTE determination as ___
408	What is the new military designation for a fuse with the old, military designation F03D1R50B?
409	What is the current rating for a fuse with the designation AGC2125V?
410	What is the voltage rating for a fuse with the designation AGC5125V?
411	What is the current rating for a fuse with the designation 3AG1032V?
412	What is the voltage rating for a fuse with the designation 3AG20125V?
413	What is the time-delay rating for a fuse with the designation F04C125V2AS?
414	What is the current rating for a fuse with the designation F03A125V5A?
415	What is the voltage rating for a fuse with the designation F02B250V10AS?
416	What is the time-delay rating for a fuse with the designation F03A20R0C?
417	What is the current rating for a fuse with the designation F03B0R50B?
418	What is the voltage rating for a fuse with the designation F03D1R00B?
419	A fuse voltage rating has which of the following definitions?
420	A fuse current rating has which of the following definitions?
421	Which of the following factors is NOT used to rate fuses?
422	Which of the following two are circuit protection devices?
423	How are circuit protection devices connected to the circuit they are protecting?
424	If the bearings of a generator were to fail, which of the following ___
425	When circuit current increases beyond the designed current carrying capability of ___
426	When a point in a circuit, where full system voltage is present, comes in ___
427	Which of the following conditions does NOT require the use of a circuit protection device?
428	Circuit protection devices are used for which of the following purposes?
429	If a multimeter has no OFF position, and it is returned to storage, on ___
430	Which of the following safety precautions does NOT apply to a multimeter?
431	If the mirror on the face of a multimeter is used properly, where will ___
432	Why is there a mirror on the face of a multimeter?
433	One of the problems encountered in building a multimeter is ___
434	The function switch on a multimeter does NOT perform which of the following functions?
435	A multimeter can be used to measure which of the following electrical properties?
436	Which of the following safety precautions should be observed when a megger is used?
437	When a megger is used to check the insulation of ___
438	Meggers (megohmmeters) are used to measure which of the following quantities?
439	Which of the following safety precautions should be observed when an ohmmeter is used?
440	What is the most obvious differences in the two types of ohmmeters?
441	Ohmmeter are classified by type ___
442	What area of an ohmmeter scale should be used when a measurement is taken?
443	An ohmmeter can measure different ranges because of ___
444	How should an ohmmeter be connected in an electrical circuit?
445	An ohmmeter is used to check for which of the following conditions?
446	What electrical property is measured with an ohmmeter?
447	Which of the following safety precautions should be observed when a voltmeter is used?
448	Electrostatic meter movements are used to measure which of the following current/voltage values?
449	The electrostatic meter movement reacts to which of the following electrical properties?
450	What voltmeter range should be used for initial measurements?
451	Which of the following configurations extends the range of a voltmeter?
452	A voltmeter has a high sensitivity when it has which of the following characteristics?
453	Which of the following types of meters can be made from a current sensitive meter movement?
454	To keep the effect of a voltmeter on a circuit to a minimum, the ___
455	A voltmeter has an effect on the circuit being measured; what is this effect called?
456	A voltmeter should be connected in an electrical circuit in what manner?
457	What electrical property is measured by a voltmeter?
458	Which of the following safety precautions should be observed prior to ___
459	When, if ever, can you use a dc ammeter to measure ac values?
460	What portion of the ammeter scale should be used to take a final reading?
461	What range of an ammeter should you use for an initial measurement?
462	Ammeters measure various ranges through the addition of which of the following components?
463	The ammeter with the greatest sensitivity has which of the following characteristics?
464	How is the effect that an ammeter produces in a circuit kept to a minimum?
465	How does an ammeter affect the circuit being measured?
466	How are ammeters connected in an electrical circuit?
467	What electrical property is measured by an ammeter?
468	What electrical property is reacted to by the electrodynamic, d’Arsonval, moving ___
469	Which of the following meter movements will measure either ___
470	What value of ac is indicated by a meter scale?
471	A d’Arsonval meter movement reacts to which of the following values of voltage?
472	Which of the following methods is used to dampen a meter?
473	What is meant by the term “meter damping”?
474	What device allows a d’Arsonval meter movement to ___
475	The hairsprings in a d’Arsonval meter movement perform which of the following functions?
476	Current through a meter results in the ___
477	The d’Arsonval meter movement is based on which of the following principles?
478	Out-of-circuit meters have which of the following advantages over in circuit meters?
479	An in-circuit meter is used for which of the following purposes?
480	Circuit measurement is used for which of the following purposes?
481	Ratio of net amount of heat received and stored in the body for certain time interval is ___
482	Heat transfer coefficient of a material with length l is ___
483	Ratio of net amount of heat received and stored in the body for ___
484	Analogous quantities of heat flow and temperature in electrical are ___
485	When bimetallic thermometer heated, curling occurs to the side of ___
486	Which of the following is true for bimetallic type thermometer?
487	Which of the following is used as indication instrument in a liquid expansion system?
488	In liquid in steel bulb thermometer, which liquid can be used for measuring temperature up to 6000°C?
489	IPTS stands for ___
490	Which of the following can be used for measuring temperature?
491	Output of a bimetallic element will be ___
492	In closed container type level measuring system, pressure at ___
493	Which of the following is correct for a level to force conversions?
494	What will happen if the float becomes lighter?
495	In closed container type level measuring system, pressure at top of container is ___
496	Diaphragm element is used for a level to ___
497	Which of the following devices are used for a level to force conversion?
498	Which of the following represents pressure of a liquid column with constant density?
499	For float element, uniformity of density is ___
500	Which of the following conversions take place in float element?
501	In ___ system, float whose weight greater than liquid to be displaced is used
502	Instrument which is capable of discriminating temperature differences of ___
503	In fibre-optic level sensors, the amount of ___
504	The following liquid level switch will only function with liquids that are ___
505	A guided-wave radar transmitter is able to measure liquid interface ___
506	Which of the following level-measurement technologies cannot be ___
507	A d/p cell used to measure liquid level has a ___
508	Calculate the LRV and URV for this ΔP-based liquid ___
509	If the specific gravity of the liquid inside the vessel increases, what aspects of ___
510	A displacer-type level transmitter has a ___
511	The main advantage of a “dip tube” or “bubbler” system for ___
512	Suppose a storage vessel holds a liquid of ___
513	In function generator, the output waveform of integrator is ___
514	The full range of audibility in audio frequency oscillator is ___
515	In liquid crystal displays, the liquid crystal exhibits properties of ___
516	Depending on whether the display is a numeric or ___
517	The measurements which can be simplifies by ___
518	X-Y recorders is the type of ___
519	In the beginning, all the outputs of the ___
520	In potentiometric type DVM, the adjustment of ___
521	In a ramp type DVM, the multivibrator determines the ___
522	An rms reading voltmeter can accurately measure voltages of ___
523	To increase the current sensitivity below ___
524	In fibre-optic level sensors, the amount of ___
525	An Instrument which is capable of discriminating temperature differences of ___
526	Contact devices used for the measurement of ___
527	A vibrating level sensors consists of ___
528	In radiation methods, the detector system is ___
529	If the ambient temperature is doubled and ___
530	In ultrasonic level gauge, the ultrasonic source is ___
531	Capacitive devices are used for the ___
532	The most common application of ___
533	Dipsticks are used for the ___
534	The flow meter which is replacing the differential pressure meters in ___
535	Turbine meters are generally preferred for ___
536	Example for positive displacement meter is ___
537	The instrument which is not suitable for the application in ___
538	The device which is used for making temporary measurements of ___
539	The devices used for flow obstruction is/are ___
540	For the measurement of flow rate of liquid, the method ___
541	Conveyor-based methods is used for the measurement of ___
542	The rate at which fluid flows through a closed pipe can be ___
543	If a pressure gauge of range 0-10 bar has a quoted inaccuracy of ___
544	Accuracy of an measuring instrument indicates the ___
545	To read and record a measurement, the indicating ___
546	The microcomputer performs its computations in ___
547	The output of an analogue instrument varies ___
548	In terms of usage, deflection type instruments are ___
549	The accuracy of the deflection type instruments and of the ___
550	In deadweight gauge, weights are added on the top of piston until ___
551	Instruments are subdivided into active and passive based on ___
552	In function generator, the output waveform of ___
553	The basic difference between square wave and pulse generator is ___
554	The full range of audibility in audio frequency ___
555	A liquid crystal display requires ___
556	In liquid crystal displays, the liquid crystal exhibits ___
557	In light emitting diode, the available light emitting ___
558	Depending on whether the display is a ___
559	The measurements which can be simplifies by using ___
560	Q meter is used to measure the properties of ___
561	In the beginning, all the outputs of the successive ___
562	In potentiometric type DVM, the adjustment of sliding contact is ___
563	In a ramp type DVM, the multivibrator determines the rate at ___
564	Which among the following is not the type of digital voltmeters?
565	The measurement range of digital voltmeter is ___
566	In electronic voltmeter, the range of input voltages can be ___
567	An rms reading voltmeter can accurately measure ___
568	Electronic voltmeters can be designed to ___
569	To increase the current sensitivity below 10 mV, electronic instrument uses ___
570	In McLeod gauge ___
571	Advantage of passive instrument is ___
572	For the measurement of high pressure with high ___
573	When visual indication of pressure level is ___
574	The ionization gauge an instrument used for the ___
575	Dead weight gauge is used for the measurement of ___
576	Bourdon tube is used for the measurement of ___
577	The instrument used for the measurement of ___
578	A capacitive pressure sensor has a typical measurement uncertainty ___
579	If the displacement is measured with strain gauge then the ___
580	Photo multiplier consists of ___
581	Fiber optic sensor can be used to sense ___
582	___ fiber is used in interferometric instruments
583	In a graded index fiber, the total reflected ___
584	The capacitance microphone is used for ___
585	Silver chloride electrode is used as a reference electrode due to ___
586	pH value of venous blood is ___
587	___ is the example of photo emissive cell
588	Most commonly used indicator electrode is ___
589	Test electrode is also known as ___
590	Which one of the following is the correct ___
591	Photo conductive cell consists of ___
592	In foil strain gauge the thickness of ___
593	The change in resistance of a metal wire owing to ___
594	Pressure transducer for measuring blood pressure is ___
595	Venturi is associated with ___
596	The application of LVDT is ___
597	The principle of operation of variable resistance ___
598	The transducers which requires an external power and their output is ___
599	Pick the correct statement regarding functions of a transducer
600	Capacitive transducers are normally employed for ___
601	In a LVDT, the two secondary voltage ___
602	Which of the following are correct statements :
603	Which of the following can be measured with the help of piezo electric crystal?
604	LVDT is an/a ___
605	The principle of operation of LVDT is based on ___
606	The size of air cored transducers in comparison to ___
607	LVDT windings are wound on ___
608	The draw backs of strain gauges are ___
609	Piezo electric crystal can produce ___
610	Piezo – electric transducers work when we apply ___
611	Piezo-electric transducers are ___
612	Which of the following are piezo electric substances?
613	Quartz and Rochelle salt belongs to ___
614	Certain type of materials generates an electrostatic charge ___
615	Bonded wire strain gauges are ___
616	In wire wound strain gauges, the change in resistance is ___
617	Which of the following is not an integrating instrument?
618	What should be the size of the slide wire of the potentiometer to make it to achieve high accuracy?
619	Which of the following material will be preferred as a shunt for ___
620	An ammeter is convertible to a voltmeter by ___
621	An ammeter is inserted in ___
622	In hot wire instrument, the sensing wire is made of ___
623	A pointer of an instrument once deflected returns to zero position, when the current is ___
624	An instrument in which the value of ethnical quantity to be measured can be ___
625	A measuring system consists of ___
626	Meggar is operated by ___
627	In resistance thermometers platinum is ___
628	___ voltmeter has the least power consumption
629	When the damping of an instrument is adjusted to enable the pointer to ___
630	Moving coil and moving iron type instruments can be ___
631	A potentiometer works on ___
632	The readings of a dynamometer type wattmeter can be ___
633	The ratio of maximum displacement deviation to ___
634	In a dynamometer 3-phase power factor meter the planes of ___
635	Basically a potentiometer is ___
636	In a low power factor wattmeter the pressure coil is ___
637	The shunt in an ammeter is ___
638	___ is an instrument which measures the insulation resistance of an electric circuit
639	A moving-coil permanent-magnet instrument can be used as ___
640	___ instruments are those which measure the total quantity of electricity delivered
641	A Hall’s effect pick up can be used for the ___
642	A dummy strain gauge is ___
643	Which of the following gets varied by the focus adjustment of an oscillograph?
644	Which of the following cannot be measured by Ring-balance meter?
645	The advantage of digital tape recording is ___
646	The instrument used for the measurement of power at ___
647	The static error band of ___
648	Deflection of a hot wire instrument is ___
649	Relative permitlivity can be measured by ___
650	Rosette gauges are used to ___
651	Air friction clamping is achieved by the movement of ___
652	Dead time of the instrument is ___
653	Radio frequency can be measured by which of the following frequency meters?
654	Which of the following resistances is shown by a needle in a meggar not in operation?
655	By a ‘Rotameter’ we can ___
656	Null type recorders are ___
657	The meter constant of single phase energy meter is expressed in ___
658	An induction wattmeter measures ___
659	___ type instrument can have full scale deflection of 300 degrees
660	A very accurate voltmeter, when used to measure voltage across a ___
661	___ instrument is free from hysteresis and eddy current errors
662	Weston cell is a ___
663	Which of the following is measured by using a vector voltmeter?
664	Meter ranges are so selected that the indications are ___
665	Torque weight ratio will be least in ___
666	In a single phase power factor meter the phase difference between ___
667	Permanent magnets used in instruments are ___
668	Wagner earthing device is used to ___
669	A portable instrument is likely to ___
670	A phase shifting transformer is used in ___
671	In the measurement of power by two wattmeter method, when the ___
672	The electrical power to a meggar is ___
673	___ type instrument has identical calibration for A.C. as well as D.C. values?
674	The pressure coil of a wattmeter should be connected on the ___
675	Which of the following instruments cannot be used for the measurement of ___
676	Two holes in the disc of energy meter are drilled at ___
677	A potentiometer may be ___
678	Instrumerat transformers are ___
679	A moving-coil permanent-magnet instrument can be ___
680	If an instrument has cramped scale for larger values, then it ___
681	The power factor of a single phase load can be ___
682	The two pressure coils of a single phase power ___
683	In an Anderson bridge, the unknown inductance is ___
684	To measure a resistance with the help of a potentiometer it ___
685	An induction wattmeter can be ___
686	The disc of an instrument using eddy current damping should be ___
687	Which of the following is an essential part of a motor meter?
688	A Weston synchronoscope is ___
689	To avoid the effect of stray magnetic field in A.C. bridges we can ___
690	In an A.C. co-ordinate potentiometer, the currents in ___
691	It is required to measure the true open circuit e.m.f. of ___
692	The adjustment of position of shading bands, in an energy meter is ___
693	In hot wire instruments the sensing wire is ___
694	___ will always indicate true r.m.s. value in respective of the wave form?
695	Which of the following cannot be measured by multimeters?
696	High voltage tests are ___
697	Wattmeter cannot be designed on ___
698	Which of the following properties a damping oil must possess?
699	The use of ___ instruments is merely confined within laboratories
700	___ is a low cost thermocouple
701	A dummy bridge employing strain gauge provides ___
702	Which of the following can be measured with the help of piezo-electric crystal?
703	The principle of Pirani gauge is based on ___
704	___ can measure only level
705	A digital voltmeter claims Which of the following advantage?
706	Electrodynamic types of instruments are used commonly for ___
707	In an ammeter the shunt resistance is usually ___
708	An instrument’s reliability means ___
709	A milli-ammeter can be ___
710	For malting shunts the material suitable is ___
711	In the case of indicating instruments the function of ___
712	Moving parts of instruments are supported in ___
713	The temperature of a furnace can be measured by ___
714	___ frequency meter can be used for the measurement of radio frequency
715	The advantage of moving coil permanent magnet type ___
716	A Q-meter measures ___
717	Which of the following methods is used to shield a dynamometer type wattmeter against stray fields?
718	In instruments the term ‘artificial aging’ is ___
719	The power of a n-phase circuit can be measured by using ___
720	Damping of the Ballistic galvanometer is ___
721	In Weston synchronoscope the moving coil is ___
722	When a capacitor was connected to the terminal of ___
723	A dynamometer wattmeter can be ___
724	In a portable instrument, the controlling torque is ___
725	Which of the following meters are not used on D.C. circuits?
726	The spring material used in a spring control device should have ___
727	In optical pyrometer temperature is ___
728	The brightest spot, on a cathode ray screen, occurs at ___
729	Thermistors have ___ temperature coefficient
730	Which of the following is the pH value of pure water?
731	___ can measure only pressure
732	Transmission channels for ___
733	The total power delivered to ___
734	___ damping method is common in moving coil instruments
735	The error, when reading at half-scale in ___
736	A high resistance is usually connected in series with an ___
737	Aluminium is selected as the material for rotating disc of ___
738	Control springs are made up of ___
739	Which of the following bridges is used to measure power factor?
740	The e.m.f. of a Weston standard cell can be ___
741	Which of the following can be measured by Solometers?
742	___ give the value of the quantity to be measured in terms of the constants
743	Which of the following instruments can be made using magnetic effect?
744	In a Weston synchronoscope, the fixed coils are ___
745	If an inductance is connected in one arm of bridge and resistances in ___
746	A voltage of about 200 V can be ___
747	The resistance in the circuit of the moving coil of ___
748	Most common form of A.C. meters met with in ___
749	A ___ device prevents the oscillation of the moving system and enables the latter
750	Which of the following is an analogue transducer?
751	Phosphor coating for cathode ray tubes is ___
752	___ is not an element of electropneumatic pressure transmitter
753	For measuring the resistance of the elements of ___
754	Which of the following is determined by a hydrometer?
755	___ cannot be used to measure pressure
756	Synchro is a ___
757	The minimum number of wattmeters required to measure power in ___
758	___ meter has the best accuracy
759	The sensitivity inaccuracy of an instrument does not ___
760	Which of the following instruments may be used to measure D.C. voltage accurately?
761	If voltage supply to the energy meter is more than ___
762	Sensitivity of a voltmeter is ___
763	___ bridge is used for the precise measurement of inductances over a wide range
764	The ratio error of a current transformer is ___
765	___ is the commonly used material for thermocouples
766	By which of the following methods an ammeter can be converted to a voltmeter?
767	___ method is suitable for the measurement of a resistance
768	___ instrument will draw least current from the circuit in which it is incorporated
769	Ring specimens can be tested for its magnetic properties by ___
770	In an energy rater braking torque is produced to ___
771	For measuring current at high frequency we should ___
772	In majority of instruments damping is ___
773	Induction type single phase energy meters measure electric energy in ___
774	Which of the following essential features is possessed by an indicating instrument?
775	LVDT possesses the following advantage ___
776	A double beam oscilloscope has ___
777	Which of the following can be measured by a hot wire anemometer?
778	Which of the following devices may be used to measure accurately the interelectrode capacitances?
779	___ is used to measure flow of air around an aeroplane
780	The Lissajous pattern of eight, on an oscilloscope, keeps on ___
781	Unit of deflection sensitivity of CRO is ___
782	A multimeter consists of ___
783	In an instrument hysteresis means ___
784	The accuracy of a meter is determined by ___
785	Swamping resistance is used to ___
786	The stator of phase shifting transformer for use in conjunction with ___
787	The chemical effect of current is ___
788	For handling greater currents induction wattmeters are used in ___
789	___ can measure pressure directly?
790	In an oscilloscope a moving wave form can be made stationary by adjusting which of the following?
791	Which of the following properties are measured by a Q-meter?
792	Which of the following will happen if a voltmeter is connected like an ammeter in series to the load?
793	Damping in an instrument provides ___
794	According to application, instruments are ___
795	A C.R.O. can be used to ___
796	Which of the following is the most suitable transducer for ___
797	A ___ is used to measure frequency in wave guides
798	In measuring instruments a mirror is provided behind the ___
799	Scale of an instrument will be ___
800	Primary of an instrument transformer (C.T.) is ___
801	In electrical measuring instruments, electrical energy is ___
802	The internal resistance of a voltmeter must be ___
803	The phenomenon of ‘creeping’ occurs in ___
804	Which of the following instruments can be used for measuring 132 kV A.C. voltage?
805	The dissipation factor of a capacitor can be ___
806	A wattmeter will be free from the effects of power factor and ___
807	A dynamometer type wattmeter has ___
808	Potentiometer is a ___
809	In a Weston frequency meter, the magnetic axes of ___
810	If the current in a capacitor leads the voltage by 80°, the loss angle of ___
811	To measure an A.C. voltage by using an A.C. potentiometer, it is ___
812	Murray loop test can be used for ___
813	In a 3-phase power measurement by ___
814	A wave guide acts as ___
815	Load cell is essentially a ___
816	In brewing process the degree of fermentation is ___
817	The Q-meter Works on the principle of ___
818	Which of the following is the merit of a moving iron instrument?
819	In which part of the scale does the pointer indicate most accurately?
820	Moving iron instruments are rarely used in ___
821	Meggar will give resistance values which ___
822	Changes in atmospheric temperature, humidity ___
823	For protecting a galvanometer during transport ___
824	Hot wire instruments read ___
825	In order to get best results, indicating instruments are ___
826	Which of the following can be measured by the use of a Schering bridge?
827	A multimeter can be used for measuring ___
828	The gravity controlled instrument has crowded scale because ___
829	In a vibrating reed frequency meter the natural frequencies of ___
830	For measurement of inductance having high ___
831	In order to achieve high accuracy, the slide wire of ___
832	The operating voltage of a meggar is ___
833	Which of the following devices may be used for extending the range of instruments?
834	Which of the following are integrating instruments?
835	___ is a digital transducer
836	The cathode of a C.R.O. is usually coated with ___
837	___ is not a signal conditioner
838	Which of the following is the best method for the measurement of ___
839	Harmonic distortion is due to which of the following?
840	The reed frequency is ___
841	An electrodynamic meter can be used to ___
842	Following type of instrument is used to measure very ___
843	Moving iron meters are extensively used for the ___
844	A control system with excessive noise is likely to ___
845	The frequency and time domain are ___
846	The energy consumption of MI instrument as compared to ___
847	The energy meter used for measuring energy of ___
848	Most commonly used watt meter is ___
849	A galvanometer can be used for measuring current and voltage of ___
850	For increasing the range of an ___
851	Moving coil instruments are ___
852	The deflection torque can be ___
853	Chemical effect is used for the ___
854	In spring control instruments, controlling torque ___
855	Moving Iron instruments can be ___
856	Ballastic tests are used in magnetic measurements for the ___
857	Anderson’s bridge is a modification of ___
858	The power measurement in a balanced 3-phase circuit can be ___
859	The moving iron voltmeters are ___
860	The relative error is ___
861	A 150 V moving iron voltmeter of accuracy class 1.0 reads 75 V when used in ___
862	The ratio of maximum displacement deviation to the full scale deviation of ___
863	For measuring an unknown electrical quantity, select the ___
864	In which part of the scale does the pointer indicate ___
865	Hysteresis of an instrument ___
866	Campbell’s bridge method is used to ___
867	Anderson bridge is used to measure of ___
868	A Dynamometer type wattmeter responds to ___
869	Uniformity in the scale of an ammeter indicates that it ___
870	Electrostatic instruments are mainly employed to ___
871	Which of the following instrument can be used for ___
872	Swamping of resistance is used to compensate error due to ___
873	The internal resistance for milli ammeter must be ___
874	Voltmeter should be of very high resistance so ___
875	Which of the following is not an ___
876	Which of the set of torques is provided in deflection ___
877	A moving iron ammeter coil has few turns of thick wire in order to ___
878	The material used to make standard resistance is ___
879	Introduction of dielectric ___
880	Kelvin double bridge is best suited for the ___
881	Vibration reeds are employed in ___
882	Megger is an instrument used for the ___
883	Loss of charge method is used to ___
884	For measuring emf of a ___
885	The most commonly used null deflector in a ___
886	For eliminating the effect of earth capacitance from the ___
887	____ factor is the ratio of total flux to the useful flux in a magnetic circuit
888	A ballistic galvanometer is used to ___
889	Maxwell-Wien bridge is used to ___
890	An instrument that is capable of measuring only ___
891	PMMC instrument gives uniform scale because ___
892	Air friction damping is used in the instruments which is ___
893	Preferred material for permanent magnet is ___
894	If a voltmeter is connected, like an ammeter in ___
895	The damping torque must operate only when the moving system of ___
896	The reliability of the instrument refer to ___
897	If two meters X and Y requires 40mA and 50mA respectively, to ___
898	The deflection of hot-wire instrument depends on ___
899	In a dynamo-meter type of moving coil instrument a swamping resistance is ___
900	Moving iron and PMMC instruments can be ___
901	Which of the following statement is true of phase-shift type and ___
902	The main advantage of crystal oscillator is ___
903	In CRO astigmatism is ___
904	In CRO the time base signal is ___
905	Open circuit fault in a cable can be ___
906	A PMMC instrument can be used as a ___
907	Magnetic materials can be tested by ___
908	B-H Curve is used to determination of ___
909	The ballistic galvanometer is usually lightly damped so ___
910	The frequency can be measured by ___
911	Hay’s Bridge is suitable for the ___
912	Anderson Bridge is used to ___
913	Direct current is preferred over alternating current for testing of ___
914	Tesla coil is a ___
915	Which of the following bridge is ___
916	Potentiometer is an ___
917	A megger indicates infinity when test terminals are ___
918	A Ohmmeter is ___
919	While testing cables the galvanometer used should be initially short-circuited in order to protect it from sudden initial inrush currents as ___
920	Which of the following instruments can be used for full scale deflection of ___
921	The instrument having its deflection depends upon ___
922	Which of the following instruments have least ___
923	Which of the following voltmeter have least ___
924	Measurement range of a voltmeter can be extended by ___
925	The instrument which is cheapest for ___
926	Electrostatic type instruments are mainly used for ___
927	A thermo-couple instrument can be used for the ___
928	Potentiometer is basically a ___
929	Which of the following is used to measure the resistance of ___
930	The shunt type ohm meter is not suitable for ___
931	The sensitivity of the Wheatstone bridge depends on ___
932	If an induction type energy meter runs faster, it can be ___
933	The synchroscope is an instrument ___
934	The power delivered to a 3-phase load can be measured by the use of 2-wattmeter only ___
935	The difference between the measured value and the true value is ___
936	Dead zone of an instrument is ___
937	Wien bridge is useful for measuring ___
938	The thermocouple instruments do not have ___
939	The thermocouple instrument will measure ___
940	With a sweep time 10ms across the screen the approx. horizontal sawtooth frequency will be ___
941	It can be stated that ___
942	The full-scale deflection current of an ammeter is 1 mA and its internal resistance is 100°hm ___
943	Which instrument has identical calibration for ac as well as dc values?
944	Jewels are used in instruments for the purpose of ___
945	PMMC type instruments normally use ___
946	A spring controlled indicating instrument has a deflection of 90 deg for ___
947	The full-scale deflection current of an ammeter is 1 mA and its ___
948	Electrostatic instruments are normally used for ___
949	An instrument to be used for measurement and control should preferably have ___
950	Which of the following devices should be used for accurate measurement of low D.C. voltage?
951	Which meter is suitable for the measurement of 10mV at 50MHz?
952	The problem of Electrostatic coupling in a transformer is acute at ___
953	In a gravity controlled instrument, the deflection angle is proportional ___
954	The resistance offered to the passage of an in-varying current by a column of mercury at the ___
955	The form factor in AC is the ratio of ___
956	A milli-ammeter can be used as ___
957	It is found that 10A current passes through a resistor of 10°hms ___
958	A resistor of 10kΩhms with 5% tolerance is connected in parallel with a 5kΩhms resistor of 10% tolerance ___
959	Some wire- wound resistors have bifilar winding ___
960	A permanent magnet moving coil ammeter has a coil resistance of ___
961	For power measurement of three phase circuit by two wattmeter method, when the value of power factor is ___
962	The absolute measurement of resistance is done by ___
963	To measure the flux, devices used are based on ___
964	The current coil of a wattmeter is connected to the CT of R-phase ___
965	Which wave has the least form factor?
966	In a moving iron meter, the deflecting torque is proportional to ___
967	In a moving coil instrument, the deflecting torque is proportional to ___
968	The resistance can be measured most accurately by ___
969	Direct method is used to measure ___
970	Ryall crest voltmeter is used for measurement of ___
971	An oscilloscope indicates ___
972	A rectifier type instrument is connected to 100VDC and is operated in the ___
973	The internal resistance of an ammeter should be ___
974	Ampere is one of the ___
975	A megger is usually ___
976	A galvanometer has ___
977	A CRO can display ___
978	When using ohmmeter, applied voltage is to be disconnected from the circuit because ___
979	For handling greater currents induction watt-meters are used in conjunction with ___
980	A moving iron ammeter may be compensated for frequency errors by ___
981	One single phase wattmeter operating on 230V and 5A for ___
982	Radio waves that curve earthward in the lower atmosphere are being affected by ___
983	Which of the following is the probable output if all inputs of a TTL gate are binary 1?
984	The voltage across an SCR when it is turned on is about ___
985	What sensing element is typically made from a thin-walled tube formed into deep convolutions and sealed at one end, whose displacement can then be made to act on a transduction element?
986	What is the most widely used altitude and altitude-rate transducers?
987	The SCR can exercise control over ___ of ac supply
988	When the SCR is OFF, the current in the circuit is ___
989	When the firing angle of SCR is increased, its output ___
990	When an SCR is combined to a switch, it is considered as a ___ switch
991	Acceleration transducers are also called ____
992	ECG stands for electrocardiography while EEG stands for?
993	An SCR is made of what material?
994	The typical turn-off time of an SCR is about ___
995	An SCR when turned on has a typical voltage across of ___
996	When SCR starts conducting, then ___ losses all control
997	How many pn junction does SCRs have?
998	An SCR is a member of what family?
999	Which of the following can change the angle of conduction in SCR?
1000	What is one of the most widely used sensing elements particularly for pressure ranges higher than 2 MPa?
1001	What device measures humidity directly with a single sensing element?
1002	A normally operated SCR has an anode which is ___ with respect to cathode
1003	The gate of an SCR is with respect to its cathode ___
1004	An SCR is a solid state equivalent of which tube?
1005	What is the typical turn-on time of an SCR?
1006	What Greek word which means “switch”?
1007	What are some areas where GTO is applicable?
1008	What is the sensing element of acceleration transducer?
1009	What is an automatic speed control device using the centrifugal force on rotating flyweights as the feedback element?
1010	What is the required gate triggering current of GTO?
1011	Which is equivalent to a zener or avalanche region of the fundamental two-layer semiconductor diode?
1012	What is that value of current below which the SCR switches from the conduction state to the forward blocking region under stated conditions?
1013	A control system in which the output is related to the input by device parameters only ___
1014	A locus or path of the roots traced out on the s-plane as a parameter is changed ___
1015	What is that voltage above when the SCR enters the conduction region?
1016	A feedback control system in which the controlled variable is mechanical position ___
1017	The step response of a first order systems is given by ___
1018	When the supply voltage exceeds the breakover voltage of an SCR, it ___
1019	The triac is fundamentally a/an ___ with a gate terminal for controlling the turn-on conditions of the bilateral device in either direction
1020	The supply voltage is generally ___ that of breakover voltage in an SCR
1021	What is a solid state equivalent of a gas filled triode?
1022	A transduction principle used primarily in optical sensors ___
1023	SCR is a rectifier constructed of silicon material. Silicon is chosen because ___
1024	The UJT operates in what region after peak point?
1025	Which device exhibits negative resistance region?
1026	What refers to the application of electronic theory, technology, instrumentation, and computing system to biological research and medical problems?
1027	What region lies between the peak point and valley point of UJT emitter characteristic?
1028	A diac is simply ___
1029	An SCR whose state is controlled by the light falling upon a silicon semiconductor layer of the device ___
1030	A diac is turned on by ___
1031	What is the ratio of two exponential functions of time called?
1032	What is dimensionless parameter of the second-order characteristic equation?
1033	When the temperature increases, the intrinsic stand off ratio ___
1034	To turn on the UJT, the forward bias on emitter diode should be ___ the peak point voltage
1035	Control system that maintains a speed voltage, or other variable within specified limits of a preset level ___
1036	To turn off the SCR, which of the following is done?
1037	Which equation defines the intrinsic stand off ratio (y) of UJTs?
1038	AC power in a load can be controlled by connecting ___
1039	When the emitter terminal of a UJT is open, the resistance between the base-terminals is generally ___
1040	Power electronics deals with the control of ac power at what frequencies essentially?
1041	Which of the following is the normal way to turn on a diac?
1042	The UJT may be used as ___
1043	The UJT has ___
1044	When UJTs is turned on, the resistance between emitter terminal and lower base terminal ___
1045	An SCR is a ___ triggered device
1046	Which device does not have a gate terminal?
1047	Which of the following is a common application of UJT?
1048	An effect that reduces the possibility of accidental triggering of the SCS ___
1049	What is the control element in an SCR?
1050	An SCR is made of silicon and not germanium because silicon ___
1051	A diac is ___ switch
1052	A UJT is sometimes called a ___ diode
1053	A diac has ___
1054	The p-type emitter of a UJT is ___ doped
1055	A diac has how many semiconductor layers?
1056	How many semiconductor layers does a triac have?
1057	Which is the control element in an SCR?
1058	An SCR combines the feature of ___
1059	A diac has how many terminals?
1060	A triac can pass a portion of ___ half cycle through the load
1061	Which of the following is the normal way to turn on an SCR?
1062	A triac is a ___ switch
1063	How many semiconductor layers does an SCR have?
1064	If a body is considered as a conducting sphere of 0.5m radius its capacitance to infinity is ___
1065	The three terminals of an SCR are the ___
1066	The x-ray region of the electromagnetic spectrum has a corresponding range of wavelengths from ___
1067	In diagnostic radiology and for superficial therapy purposes, the energy spectrum of radiation varies from about ___
1068	A triac is equivalent to two SCRs ___
1069	The three terminals of a triac are ___
1070	When the temperature increases, the inter-base resistance of a UJT ___
1071	The V-I characteristics for a triac in the first and third quadrants are essentially identical to those of ___ in the quotation
1072	What are the regions corresponding to open-circuit condition for the controlled rectifier which block the flow of charge from anode to cathode?
1073	What is the other term for thermoelectric effect?
1074	What is a three terminal device used to control large current to a load?
1075	Which transistor conducts current in both directions when turned on?
1076	PUT stands for ___
1077	What is the typical value of the interbase resistance of UJTs?
1078	What is basically a two-terminal parallel-inverse combination of semiconductor layers that permits triggering in either direction?
1079	Which of the following is a four-layer diode with an anode gate and a cathode gate?
1080	In therapeutic radiology and in nuclear medicine, the energies of interest range from about ___
1081	What is concerned with the measurement of electric signals on the scalp with arise from the underlying neural activity in the brain (including synaptic sources)?
1082	What is a nucleonic sensing method employing usually one or more radioisotope sources and radiation detectors?
1083	Insulation resistance is measured by which meter?
1084	What is the smallest change in applied stimulus that will indicate a detectable change in deflection in a indicating instrument called?
1085	Sensitivity of a voltmeter is expressed in ___
1086	What has a series RC combination in one arm and a parallel RC combination in the adjoining arm and used as a notch filter in harmonic distortion analyzer?
1087	What is used for measuring medium Q coils (1<Q<10)?
1088	Maxwell bridge measures an unknown inductance in terms of known ___
1089	What bridge is used to measure high-Q inductors (Q>10)?
1090	Most AC voltmeters have an rms scale which is valid only if the input signal being measured is a ___ signal
1091	An ammeter with an internal resistance of 50 Ω is used to measure a current through a load resistance RL= 1 k Ω ___
1092	What sensor provides a change of resistance with typical power range of 1µW to 10mW and with maximum frequency greater than 100GHz?
1093	A material that glows when struck by the energetic electrons in a CRT ___
1094	Considered as the “heart” of the cathode ray oscilloscope ___
1095	The interval of a pulse from start to end is the ___ of the pulse
1096	What provides a visual presentation of ant waveform applied to the input terminals?
1097	One of the basic functions of electronic circuit is ___
1098	Indicating instrument is assumed to be most accurate at what part of the scale?
1099	A certain pulse measures 10ms and has a period of 50ms ___
1100	What type of instrument is the watt-hour meter?
1101	Which is the most commonly used induction type instrument?
1102	Which instrument is the most sensitive?
1103	An electric pyrometer is an instrument used to measure ___
1104	What is the typical power range of thermocouple sensors ___
1105	Electrostatic instruments are exclusively used as ___
1106	What provides visual display showing the form of the signal applied as a waveform on the front screen of a cathode ray oscilloscope?
1107	A common technique for measuring power at high frequency is to ___
1108	Which of the voltmeter is used for measuring high direct voltage (say 10kV)?
1109	What ammeter is used to measure high-frequency currents?
1110	For amplitude measurements, what scale is calibrated in either volts per centimeter (V/cm), or milivolts per centimeter (mV/cm) ___
1111	Which part of the following is not a basic part of a CRT?
1112	Which of the following extends the range of a moving-iron ac ammeter?
1113	A galvanometer with a 20 Ω coil resistance has a full-scale deflection of 10mA ___
1114	A pattern displayed by oscilloscopes which has a steady characteristic is called ___
1115	Moving-iron instrument has what scale?
1116	What element of a CRT releases electrons when heated indirectly by a filament?
1117	What is the period of a repetitive signal?
1118	What is the typical full-scale voltage across a moving coil voltmeter?
1119	What type of meter gives a precise reading on voltage, current or resistance where there is the generation of samples at the input and then feeds it to a digital read-out?
1120	What instrument is used for measuring the amount of current flowing in a circuit?
1121	What is the typical full-scale deflection current of a moving coil instrument?
1122	When current through the operating coil of a moving-iron instrument is tripled the operating force becomes ___
1123	Which of the following forces does not act on the moving systems of analog instruments?
1124	Which of the items below describes an absorption meter’s usage?
1125	The frequency of rotation in some rotating machinery can be measured by a ___
1126	In VTVMs, ___ refers to the smallest signal that can be reliably measured
1127	What instrument which springs provide the controlling torque as well as serve to lead current into and out of the operating coil?
1128	Multimeter typically provides measurements of values (for a sinusoidal waveform) ___
1129	Majority of analog measuring instrument utilizes one of the following effects ___
1130	Which of the following is a dc bridge that is very useful for making extremely accurate voltage measurements?
1131	What dc bridge is widely used for the accurate measurements of resistance?
1132	A ___ operates on the magnetic attraction-repulsion principles
1133	The typical power range of diode sensor is ___
1134	A small swamping resistance is connected in series with operating coil of a moving coil ammeter in order to compensate for the effects of ___
1135	The resistance of a moving-coil instrument is 10 fi and gives full-scale deflection at 10 mA ___
1136	In Wheatstone bridge, bridge balance is considered where ___
1137	Attraction and repulsion instruments are considered as ___
1138	Which movement is the most expensive?
1139	A dynamometer instrument is mainly used as a /an ___
1140	What meter is the most sensitive?
1141	Shunts are generally made of what material?
1142	Tank circuit frequency can be measured by ___
1143	A sensing element that provides a dc voltage less than 10 mV with typical power range of 0.1 to 100 mW ___
1144	When the vertical input is 0V, the electron beam may be positioned at the ___ of the screen
1145	What refers to garaging two adjustments of an AC bridge together in such a way that changing one adjustment changes the other in a special way, but changing the second adjustment does not change the first?
1146	What CRT element provides for control of the number of electrons passing farther into the tube?
1147	Permanent- magnet moving coil instrument can be used in ___
1148	Current range extension in moving coil instruments can be achieved by placing a ___ in shunt with the instrument
1149	Fluid friction damping is employed in one of the following ___
1150	For time measurements, ___ scale of the scope is used
1151	Hot-wire instrument has a/an ___ scale
1152	What sensor provides a dc voltage approximately 1 V at 10 mW?
1153	An element in electrons which serves as a protection against overload?
1154	An oscilloscope provides easy measurement of ___ values
1155	The time interval between pulses is called ___
1156	Disc is made of what material in eddy current damping?
1157	All voltmeters except one of the following are operated by the passage of current ___
1158	A moving force in analog instruments which ensures that the deflection of the pointer for a given value of measured quantity always has the same value ___
1159	A moving system force in analog instruments which causes the moving system to deflect from its zero position ___
1160	The pointer of an indicating instrument is the final deflected position, the ___ is zero
1161	A Wheatstone bridge is balanced if ___
1162	The time interval that a waveform is high (or low) is the ___ of the signal
1163	The pointer of an indicating instrument is generally made of ___
1164	When should a fuse be replaced with a higher rated unit?
1165	How can electrical currents be inducted with a coil and a magnet?
1166	If the pointer of an indicating instrument is in motion, then what opposes deflecting torque?
1167	An instrument in which the magnitude of the measured quantity is indicated by means of a pointer ___
1168	The output voltage of a thermocouple ___
1169	When both deflecting and controlling torque act, the pointer of an indicating instrument comes to ___
1170	Which is the best type of meter movement?
1171	As the deflection of the moving system increases, the controlling torque in an indicating instrument ___
1172	What kind of instrument an ammeter is?
1173	RC coupling is used for ___ amplification
1174	One electron volt (1 eV) is equivalent to joules ___
1175	To measure radio frequency, the suitable frequency meter is ___
1176	The principle on which vector voltmeter is based is ___
1177	Which of the following is measured by using a vector voltmeter ___
1178	Two holes in the disc of energymeter are drilled at the opposite sides of the spindle to ___
1179	The power of a n-phase circuit can be measured by using a minimum of ___
1180	Various adjustments in an energy meter include ___
1181	In an energymeter braking torque is produced to ___
1182	Wattmeter cannot be designed on the principle of ___
1183	An instrument transformer is used to extend the range of ___
1184	Instrument transformers are ___
1185	Most sensitive galvanometer is ___
1186	Alternating current is measured by ___
1187	The rectifier instrument is not free from ___
1188	A multirange instrument has ___
1189	A sensitive galvanometer produces large deflection for a ___
1190	The gravity controlled instrument has crowded scale because current is proportional to ___
1191	E.m.f. of a Weston cell is accurately measured by ___
1192	Volt box is a component to ___
1193	If an instrument has cramped scale for larger values, then it follows ___
1194	Damping of the Ballistic galvanometer is made small to ___
1195	Commonly used instruments in power system measurement are ___
1196	Operating torques in analogue instruments are ___
1197	Commonly used standard capacitor is ___
1198	Standard resistor is made from ___
1199	Systematic errors are ___
1200	The ratio of maximum displacement deviation to full scale deviation of the instrument is called ___
1201	The desirable static characteristics of a measuring system are ___
1202	The power factor of a single phase load can be calculated if the instruments available are ___
1203	In Weston synchronoscope the moving coil is connected across ___
1204	In a Weston synchronoscope, the fixed coils are connected across ___
1205	In a Weston frequency meter, the magnetic axes of the two fixed coils are ___
1206	In a dynamometer 3-phase power factor meter, the planes of the two moving coils are at ___
1207	In a single phase power factor meter the phase difference between the currents in the two pressure coils is ___
1208	The two pressure coils of a single phase power factor meter have ___
1209	If an inductance is connected in one arm of bridge and resistances in the remaining three arms ___
1210	To avoid the effect of stray magnetic field in A.C. bridges we can use ___
1211	In a Schering bridge the potential of the detector above earth potential is ___
1212	If the current in a capacitor leads the voltage by 80°, the loss angle of the capacitor is ___
1213	For measurement of inductance having high value, we should use ___
1214	For measurement of mutual inductance we can use ___
1215	Wagner earthing device is used to eliminate errors due to ___
1216	In an Anderson bridge, the unknown inductance is measured in terms of ___
1217	For measurements on high voltage capacitors, the suitable bridge is ___
1218	A universal RLC bridge uses ___
1219	In an AC. co-ordinate potentiometer, the currents in the phase and quadrature potentiometer are adjusted to be ___
1220	The stator of phase shifting transformer for use in conjunction with an A.C. potentiometer usually has a ___
1221	To measure an A. C. voltage by using an A.C. potentiometer, it is desirable that the supply for the potentiometer in taken ___
1222	In order to achieve high accuracy, the slide wire of a potentiometer should be ___
1223	To measure a resistance with the help of a potentiometer it is ___
1224	A direct current can be measured by ___
1225	A voltage of about 200 V can be measured ___
1226	Which of the following devices should be used for accurate measurement of low D.C. voltage ___
1227	Murray loop test can be used for location of ___
1228	The operating voltage of a meggar is about ___
1229	In a meggar controlling torque is provided by ___
1230	The electrical power to a meggar is provided by ___
1231	When a capacitor was connected to the terminal of ohmmeter, the pointer indicated a low resistance initially and then slowly came to infinity position ___
1232	The adjustment of position of shading bands, in an energy meter is done to provide ___
1233	In a 3-phase power measurement by two wattmeter method the reading of one of the wattmeter was zero ___
1234	In a 3-phase power measurement by two wattmeter method, both the watt meters had identical readings ___
1235	In a low power factor wattmeter the compensating coil is connected ___
1236	In a low power factor wattmeter the pressure coil is connected ___
1237	The pressure coil of a wattmeter should be connected on the supply side of the current coil when ___
1238	For measuring current at high frequency we should use ___
1239	The scale of a rectifier instrument is ___
1240	The multiplier and the meter coil in a voltmeter are in ___
1241	The function of shunt in an ammeter is ___
1242	The switch board instruments ___
1243	The disc of an instrument using eddy current damping should be of ___
1244	In a portable instrument, the controlling torque is provided by ___
1245	An ammeter is a ___
1246	In majority of instruments damping is provided by ___
1247	The pointer of an indicating instrument should ___
1248	___ is an instrument which measures the insulation resistance of an electric circuit relative to earth and one another,
1249	A potentiometer may be used for ___
1250	Which of the following is an essential part of a motor meter ___
1251	Which of the following meters are not used on D.C. circuits ___
1252	Most common form of A.C. meters met with in every day domestic and industrial installations are ___
1253	For handling greater currents induction wattmeters are used in conjunction with ___
1254	An induction meter can handle current upto ___
1255	Which of the following devices may be used for extending the range of instruments ___
1256	A moving-coil permanent-magnet instrument can be used as flux-meter ___
1257	A moving-coil permanent-magnet instrument can be used as ___ by using a low resistance shunt
1258	Which of the following properties a damping oil must possess ___
1259	The spring material used in a spring control device should have the following property ___
1260	A ___ device prevents the oscillation of the moving system and enables the latter to reach its final position quickly
1261	Which of the following essential features is possessed by an indicating instrument ___
1262	According to application, instruments are classified as ___
1263	Resistances can be measured with the help of ___
1264	Which of the following are integrating instruments ___
1265	___ instruments are those which measure the total quantity of electricity delivered in a particular time
1266	Which of the following instruments indicate the instantaneous value of the electrical quantity being measured at the time at which it is being measured ___
1267	The use of ___ instruments is merely confined within laboratories as standardizing instruments
1268	If J is moment of Inertia, D is damping constant, C is spring constant, G is displacement constant and I is current throught the coil of DArsonval galvanometer, the equation of motion is ___
1269	The term ‘Poisson’s ratio’ is connected with ___
1270	While calibrating an ammeter by a dc potentiometer it is necessary to use a standard resistance ___
1271	The flow rate of electrically conducting liquid without any suspended particle can not be measured by ___
1272	An electrostatic voltmeter is suitable for ___
1273	The precision of an instrument indicates its ability to reproduce a certain reading with a given ___
1274	The electrical power to a megger is provided by ___
1275	The dynamic characteristics of capacitive transducer are similar to those of ___
1276	Which of the following combinations is not used in thermocouple transducer measurement of temperature ___
1277	The scale of thermocouple instrument is linear ___
1278	Harmonic distortion analyser ___
1279	Which of the following, is not a piezoelectric material ___
1280	An RTD uses platinum coil ___
1281	For best results the system of a D’Arsonval galvanometer should be slightly under damped ___
1282	Crompton potentiometer has ___
1283	Measurement of non-electrical quantity involves the following subsystems ___
1284	If two time varying signals of equal magnitudes and 90° phase displacement are applied to X and Y plates of CRO, the display will be
1285	It is required to measure the true open circuit emf of a battery ___
1286	Basically a potentiometer is a device for ___
1287	The material used in RTD is ___
1288	In figure the values of ___
1289	The response of D’Arsonval galvanometer is over damped if ___
1290	The deflection sensitivity of a CRO is generally expressed in ___
1291	Wagner earthing device eliminates ___
1292	A photovoltaic cell is greatly affected by temperature ___
1293	The method of frequency compensation in moving iron voltmeter is ___
1294	If Ey is the voltage applied to Y plates, the vertical deflection of beam is proportional to ___
1295	A dynamometer wattmeter is suitable for both dc and ac ___
1296	In measurements using CRO, Lissajous patterns are used to ___
1297	If the load current is high, the pressure coil of wattmeter should be connected directly across the load ___
1298	DC voltage of the order of a few mV can be accurately of measured by ___
1299	The gall tinsley potentiometer is a coordinate potentiometer and has two exactly similar potentiometers ___
1300	Which of the following is used as detector in audio frequency ac bridges ___
1301	An oscilloscope has an input impedance consisting of 1 MΩ and 20 pF is parallel ___
1302	Rayleigh current balance is an absolute instrument ___
1303	The 10 MHz in the specification of CRO means that ___
1304	A Weston frequency meter is ___
1305	The circuit of figure is used to measure the value ___
1306	The speed of a shaft can be measured by using a dc tacho generator ___
1307	A resistance strain gauge has a resistance of about ___
1308	For measuring inductance with high Q, we should use ___
1309	A peak responding ac voltmeter using a half wave rectifier has been calibrated to read 1 V for 1 V rms sine wave input ___
1310	A coil resonates at 1 MHz with a resonating capacitance of 72 pF ___
1311	Two wattmeter method for 3 phase power measurement can be used only for ___
1312	A linear displacement digital transducer generally uses ___
1313	To measure an unknown ac voltage by an ac potentiometer it is desirable that supply for the potentiometer is taken ___
1314	The temperature coefficient of resistance for a thermistor is ___
1315	A moving iron instrument has ___
1316	If Eb is the potential of accelerating anode, the energy of electrons as they emerge from electron gun is proportional to ___
1317	A data signal having frequency components from dc to 50 Hz is to be sent through pulse code modulation using an 8 digit code ___
1318	The trigger circuit of a CRO is excited by the same signal as Y plates ___
1319	Hall effect is observed in all metals but is very appreciable in semiconductors ___
1320	Consider the following galvanometers ___
1321	A direct current can be measured ___
1322	In a megger the moving coil meter has a permanent magnet ___
1323	In two wattmeter method of 3 phase power measurement, one of the wattmeters would read negative if power factor of load is less than 0.5 ___
1324	If σ standard deviation, probable error ___
1325	The accuracy of an instrument is determined by ___
1326	In a CRO the Y plates are oriented ___
1327	Schering bridge is used to measure ___
1328	A D’ Arsonval galvanometer is a ___
1329	The phenomenon of creep occurs in ___
1330	Which of the following transformers has low primary current ___
1331	To measure an emf by dc potentiometer it is necessary to standardise the potentiometer with the help of a standard cell ___
1332	A dc potentiometer measures the true open circuit emf of a source ___
1333	Load cell uses ___
1334	In a dynamometer instrument, the moving coil is pressure coil ___
1335	Which of the following quantities have same dimension in emu and esu ___
1336	It is required to measure pressure using LVDT ___
1337	The moving iron instruments are generally repulsion type ___
1338	In a low power factor wattmeter, the resistance of pressure coil is more than in ordinary wattmeter ___
1339	In which of the following instruments is the deflecting torque proportional to ___
1340	An E transformer is a ___
1341	To measure moisture in wood, the most suitable method is ___
1342	RTD is generally suitable for temperature up to ___
1343	Wagner earthing device is used to eliminate error due to ___
1344	If two time varying signals of equal magnitude and zero phase displacement are applied to X and Y plates respectively; of CRO, the display will be ___
1345	A transducer must have ___
1346	A dynamometer wattmeter can be used for ___
1347	Energy meters use induction principle ___
1348	The total insulation resistance consists of insulation volume resistance and surface leakage resistance ___
1349	Capacitance effect can be used to measure thickness of sheets, displacement and pressure ___
1350	Gauge factor of a strain gauge is ___
1351	Eddy currents are essential for the deflecting torque of an induction wattmeter ___
1352	The time base of a high frequency CRO whose screen diameter is 10 cm is set at 10 μ sec/cm ___
1353	In a current transformers ___
1354	Induction wattmeter is an absolute instrument ___
1355	The accuracy of a multimeter is about ___
1356	Which is the displacement transducer with excellent sensitivity, linearity and resolution ___
1357	Which of the following is active transducer ___
1358	Magnetic deflection sensitivity is defined as ___
1359	In Maxwell’s bridge the unknown inductance is measured by comparing it with a standard capacitor ___
1360	The sign and magnitude of displacement can be measured by an LVDT ___
1361	Which of the following effects is used in measurement of magnetic flux ___
1362	Capacitive transducer is superior to inductive type for measurement of capacitance because of ___
1363	Loading effect is primarily caused by instruments having ___
1364	An ohmmeter is a ___
1365	The operating voltage of a megger is about ___
1366	If C is spring constant and θ is deflection, controlling torque is ___
1367	The torque in an induction wattmeter is proportional to ___
1368	The pressure coil of a wattmeter should be connected to the supply side of the current coil when ___
1369	The output of a Piezoelectric crystal has ___
1370	A radiation pyrometer is very suitable for high temperature measurement ___
1371	A power factor meter operates on dynamometer principle ___
1372	Megger is used to check insulation resistance of cables ___
1373	In a Weston synchronoscope the deflecting torque is zero when ___
1374	The advantage of LVDT over inductive bridge type transducer is that ___
1375	The advantage of semiconductor strain gauge over resistance strain gauge is ___
1376	The coding system generally used in digital telemetry is ___
1377	In a Weston synchronoscope, the moving coil is connected across ___
1378	Consider the following statements regarding phase sensitive detector ___
1379	The numbers of accelerating anodes in a CRO is ___
1380	The adjustment of position of shading bands, in an energy meter, is done to provide ___
1381	The multiplier resistance and meter coil in a voltmeter are in ___
1382	Two wattmeter method of 3-phase power measurement can be used to find ___
1383	A moving iron instrument can be used for dc as well as ac ___
1384	For measuring current at a high frequency we should use ___
1385	In a CRT, grid is kept at negative potential with respect to cathode ___
1386	Which of the following can be used for measuring capacitance ___
1387	Panel type instruments are used in ___
1388	The damping ratio, in D’Arsonval galvanometer is equal to ___
1389	Magnetic flux can be measured by ___
1390	Consider the following statements regarding electro-dynamometer type indicating instrument ___
1391	Electrodynamic instrument is not used as ammeter or voltmeter ___
1392	The signal to noise ratio in telemetry should be better than ___
1393	In low power factor wattmeter, the pressure coil is connected ___
1394	Consider the following statements about mutual inductances ___
1395	An ac bridge uses galvanometer as detector ___
1396	If they are connected in parallel, the limiting error in percent will be ___
1397	The sensitivity of a potentiometer can be increased by ___
1398	An average responding voltmeter using full wave rectifier has been calibrated to read 1 V for 1 V rms sinusoidal input ___
1399	The stator of phase shifting transformer for use in conjunction with an ac potentiometer has a ___
1400	Bridge circuits using RTD in temperature measurement usually employ 3 lead system so as to obtain ___
1401	It is required to measure a low magnitude high frequency current ___
1402	Which of the following is not a transducer in true sense ___
1403	In Weston synchronoscope the fixed coils are connected across ___
1404	Four terminal approach is used in measuring low resistance because it ___
1405	In semiconductor strain gauge ___
1406	A Q meter uses the principle of ___
1407	The dimensions of permittivity are ___
1408	An electrodynamometer instrument has the advantage of ___
1409	If σ is standard deviation, variation is ___
1410	Which of the following devices should be used for accurate measurement of a low dc voltage ___
1411	Burden of an instrument transformer is expressed in ___
1412	Absolute instruments are used in ___
1413	Thermistors are commonly used to measure hot spot temperatures in electric machines ___
1414	The scale of PMMC instrument is linear ___
1415	LVDT is used to measure ___
1416	CRO can be used to study waveshape accurately ___
1417	The total capacitance in significant figures is ___
1418	Four capacitors are in parallel ___
1419	A capacitance transducer has two plates each of area ___
1420	CRT is the most important component of a CRO ___
1421	Pirani gauge is used to measure ___
1422	Which one of the following is true ___
1423	In Weston frequency meter, the magnetic axes of the two fixed coils are ___
1424	Which of these instrument does not have a control spring ___
1425	Schering bridge operates at a high voltage of about 10 kV ___
1426	In a CRO, the time base signal is applied to ___
1427	Consider the following statements regarding electromagnetic flowmeter ___
1428	The coil of a DArsonval galvanometer has N turns ___
1429	Which of the following instruments is used almost exclusively to measure radio frequency currents ___
1430	The gauge factor of a semiconductor strain gauge is about ___
1431	In a platinum RTD, the change in resistance for a temperature rise of 50° C is about ___
1432	Damping in a vibration galvanometer is small ___
1433	For measuring a very high resistance we should use ___
1434	In indicating instruments the controlling torque is provided by a spring ___
1435	In air friction damping ___
1436	The difference between measured value and true value is called ___
1437	In measuring resistance using voltmeter and ammeter, the resistances of voltmeter and ammeter also affect the accuracy of measurement ___
1438	In an ac coordinate potentiometer, the currents inphase and quadrature potentiometer are adjusted to be ___
1439	In a single phase power factor meter the phase difference between currents in the two pressure coils is ___
1440	The chemical effect of current is used in ___
1441	In an ac single phase energy meter, the potential coil is put on ___
1442	In measurements using strain gauge, the dummy strain gauge is used to ___
1443	A CT is used to feed current coils of wattmeter, energy meter, power factor meter and an ammeter ___
1444	A permanent magnet moving coil measures ___
1445	In low power factor wattmeter, the compensating coil is connected ___
1446	An average responding rectifier type electronic voltmeter has its scale calibrated in terms of rms value of sine wave ___
1447	The time base generator in a CRO gives an output which is ___
1448	Which bridge can be used to measure frequency ___
1449	The resistance of resistance strain gauge is about ___
1450	The pointer of an indicating instrument should be ___
1451	An electrostatic voltmeter is free from hysteresis and eddy current errors ___
1452	The most serious problems in ac bridge measurement is ___
1453	A digital voltmeter can count from 0 to 9999 ___
1454	A 3 phase wattmeter consists of two wattmeters mounted in one case ___
1455	Absolute instruments are used in standard laboratories ___
1456	The channel required for FM telemetry is ___
1457	The accuracy of measurement using CRO is about ___
1458	A single phase energy meter operates on induction principle ___
1459	A diode peak reading VTVM and thermocouple meter are connected across output of an amplitude modulated circuit. In the absence of modulation both meters read 10 V ___
1460	The increase in intensity of trace in a CRO causes a change in ___
1461	The sensitivity of electromagnetic digital flow meter can be increased by increasing ___
1462	In portable instruments, damping is provided by ___
1463	When frequencies of signals fed to X and Y plates of CRO are multiples of each other, Lissajous pattern is displayed on screen ___
1464	For a current transformer, the standard secondary rating is ___
1465	A Maxwell’s bridge has the unknown inductance in one arm and resistance in the other three arms ___
1466	Consider the following statements as regards induction and dynamometer wattmeters ___
1467	The range of RTD using platinum is about ___
1468	In ac bridge measurements, ‘Wagner ground’ means ___
1469	Secondary instruments require calibration at frequent intervals ___
1470	If n measurements of a quantity are made, the arithmetic mean is ___
1471	A resistance strain gauge is usually ___
1472	To avoid the effect of stray magnetic fields in ac bridge we can use ___
1473	For measurement of high voltage capacitors the suitable bridge is ___
1474	A 3-digit voltmeter having a resolution of 100 mV can be used to measure a maximum of ___
1475	In a megger the controlling torque is provided by ___
1476	A phase shifting transformer is used in conjunction with ___
1477	Without a spectrum analyser, it is not possible to determine ___
1478	Acoustic strain gauges ___
1479	A transducer needs an output measuring or display device for measuring a non electrical quantity ___
1480	A ballistic galvanometer is used to measure charge ___
1481	A hot wire instrument is not affected by stray magnetic fields ___
1482	A megger has a hand driven dc generator ___
1483	Which of the following draws minimum power from source ___
1484	If temperature increases by about 50°, the resistance of thermistor changes to ___
1485	A permanent magnet moving coil meter can be used as ___
1486	In a hot wire instrument, the deflection is proportional to ___
1487	The resistance of voltmeter affects the accuracy of measurement in loss of charge method ___
1488	Minute cracks in metals and minute faults in welded joints can be detected using ___
1489	To measure dielectric loss you would use ___
1490	In a semiconductor strain gauge, the ohmic electrical contacts are generally made of ___
1491	A power factor meter has ___
1492	In a phase shifting transformer the currents in the two stator winding are in phase ___
1493	A vibration galvanometer is a ___
1494	A thermocouple instrument can be used over a very wide frequency range ___
1495	If the reading of an instrument is low, the error is large ___
1496	If A = 629 ± 8 and B = 131 ± 3, A-B with range of doubt is ___
1497	Which of these instruments has highest power consumption ___
1498	It is required to measure temperature in the range of 1300-1520°C ___
1499	An ammeter is ___
1500	Watthour meter is an integrating instrument ___
1501	The instrument used to check insulation of household wiring is ___
1502	Which of these instruments is dynamometers type ___
1503	Magnetic effect of current is used in ___
1504	In figure the output is ___
1505	The coils of Drysdale polar potentiometer are wound non-inductively ___
1506	Heating effect of current is used in ___
1507	The Y plates of a CRO are excited by a voltage 2 sin 100 t and the X plates are not connected
1508	For measuring mutual inductance we can use ___
1509	A dual trace CRO has ___
1510	Two meters X and Y require 40 mA and 50 mA for full scale deflection ___
1511	The sensitivity of a voltmeter using 0-5 mA meter movement is ___
1512	When deflecting torque and braking torque in an energy meter are zero, ___
1513	Which instrument needs creep compensation ___
1514	In a Ballistic galvanometer ___
1515	In an Anderson bridge the unknown inductance is measured in terms of ___
1516	A thermocouple transducer is based on Seeback effect ___
1517	If tolerance of each resistor is 0.1%, the maximum error in voltage is ___
1518	In a dynamometer 3 phase power factor meter, the planes of the two moving coils are at ___
1519	A Weston synchronoscope is a ___
1520	De Sauty bridge is very widely used due to ___
1521	In a low power factor wattmeter, compensation for pressure coil current is provided ___
1522	A voltage of about 200 V dc can be measured ___
1523	In dc tacho generators used for measurement of speed of shaft, frequent calibration is necessary because ___
1524	The braking torque in single phase energy meter is proportional to speed of disc ___
1525	A current of 3.25 A is flowing through a resistance of 34.98 Ω ___
1526	A current of 3.18 A is flowing through resistance of 35.68 Ω ___
1527	Piezoelectric effect can be used to measure ___
1528	The two pressure coils in a single phase power factor meter of turns ___
1529	Consider the following statements about a moving iron instrument ___
1530	For use at 50 Hz the range of scale of vibrating reed frequency meter is ___
1531	Which of the following closely represents the resistance-temperature characteristics of thermistor ___
1532	The device having highest photo sensitivity is ___
1533	Hay’s bridge in particularly suitable for measuring inductance having a comparatively low resistance ___
1534	Shaft encoder is used to measure ___
1535	Double Kelvin’s bridge is used to measure low resistances ___
1536	The resistance of series field winding is a low resistance ___
1537	Use of high permeability core in moving iron instrument helps in ___
1538	A land line telemetry system is suitable for distance upto ___
1539	Moving iron instrument can be used on ac or dc ___
1540	The scale a PMMC ammeter is linear ___
1541	In bridge circuit of figure, equivalent resistance between A and B is ___
1542	An instrument of accuracy class 1 can have an error equal to ___
1543	The sum of two resistors along with limiting error is ___
1544	During testing of an energy meter, the energy recorded by meter was 0.05 kWh and correct energy was found to be 0.09 kWh ___
1545	The torque in induction wattmeters due to ___
1546	Many instruments use eddy current damping ___
1547	Panel instruments are generally mounted vertically ___
1548	For measuring temperatures below 800°C with high accuracy, the best instrument is ___
1549	To measure a resistance of about 8 ohms we should use ___
1550	An induction wattmeter can be used for ac only ___
1551	Three phase four wire induction energy meter is used to measure ___
1552	The scale of a dynamometer is linear when used as ___
1553	Two sinusoidal signals of equal amplitude and frequency are applied to X and Y plate of CRO respectively ___
1554	If the resistance of shunt of an ammeter is increased, the range of ammeter is reduced ___
1555	The ac bridge in figure is balanced ___
1556	An ammeter has a resistance of 50 ohms and a shunt of 0.01 Ω ___
1557	In electronic voltmeters the measuring device is a ___
1558	Moving iron instrument can be used for ac only ___
1559	Hay’s bridge is suitable for inductances having low L/R ratio ___
1560	The accuracy of measurement by ohmmeter is very good ___
1561	DC ampere hour meter is an indicating instrument ___
1562	A 0-200 V voltmeter has a sensitivity of 1 kΩ per volt ___
1563	In most of instruments, the controlling torque is provided by ___
1564	As per BIS, the number of accuracy classes of instrument is ___
1565	For measurement of surface temperature of solids the elements of RTD is usually in the shape of ___
1566	Which of the following methods can be used to measure power in a single phase circuit without using wattmeter ___
1567	In measuring a resistance by voltmeter-ammeter method, the voltmeter can be connected either across supply or across the resistance ___
1568	A moving coil meter has a resistance of 50 ohms and a full scale deflection current of 20 mA ___
1569	An amplifier has to amplify pulses of 1 H-s duration ___
1570	The dimensions of force are ___
1571	The dead zone in a pyrometer is 0.125% of span ___
1572	A polyphase wattmeter basically consists of two wattmeters ___
1573	Two ammeters having resistances of 0.5 Ω and 0.25 Ω and having full scale reading of 25 A each are connected in parallel ___
1574	The deflection of a DArsonval galvanometer is measured through a mirror and scale ___
1575	Four voltmeters have following specifications ___
1576	A wire strain gauge has a gauge factor of 2, resistance of 125 Ω and length 1 m ___
1577	To avoid creep in an energy meter ___
1578	Wheatstone bridge is suitable for low resistances ___
1579	A sinusoidal signal is measured by CRO ___
1580	It is necessary to measure the amplitudes of two signals and also the phase difference between them ___
1581	Which of the following does not use the principle of change in inductance ___
1582	The function of shunt in an ammeter is to ___
1583	The total resistance will be ___
1584	If A = 131 ± 4 and B = 106 ± 4, the percentage range of doubt in A-B is ___
1585	In a CRO, the frequency of output of time base generator ___
1586	A 0-150 voltmeter has a guaranteed accuracy of 1% of full scale reading ___
1587	Consider the following instruments and find absolute instruments are ___
1588	If the secondary burden of a CT 15 VA and secondary current is 5 A, the load impedance of CT is ___
1589	The current passing through a resistance of 100 ± 0.2% Ω is 2 ± 0.5% A ___
1590	Figure shows a Wheatstone bridge with RTD to one arm ___
1591	A temperature sensistive transducer is subjected to sudden temperature change ___
1592	What would be the reading of voltmeter as ___
1593	The resistance in the circuit of the moving coil of a dynamometer wattmeter should be ___
1594	The current through a resistance R is ___
1595	In a thermocouple two metal junctions between metals ___
1596	A 300 V voltmeter has an accuracy of ± 2% of full scale deflection ___
1597	Two voltmeters are each 0-300 V range ___
1598	A moving iron instrument can be used for ___
1599	The most commonly used moving iron instruments are ___
1600	Magnetic deflection is inversely proportional to ___
1601	The scale of dynamometer wattmeter is non linear ___
1602	A low power factor wattmeter has special constructional features to ensure accurate measurement ___
1603	The use of thermocouple meters for ac measurement leads to a scale which is ___
1604	A 1 mA meter is to be converted to 1 A ammeter ___
1605	If a shunt of 200 Ω resistance is used with a galvanometer of 1000 Ω resistance, the multiplying power is ___
1606	Strain measurement using strain gauge invariably requires a dummy strain gauge ___
1607	Which of the following instruments can be used for dc as well ac upto a few MHz ___
1608	A moving coil meter has 10 Ω resistance and requires 40 mA for full scale deflection ___
1609	From the following statements, the correct statements are ___
1610	A radiation thermometer is suitable for temperatures ___
1611	A rectifier voltmeter using bridge rectifier and PMMC meter is calibrated to read rms value of sine wave ___
1612	Two wattmeter method is suitable only for balanced loads ___
1613	A meter has a resistance of 1 Ω and full scale deflection current of 1 mA ___
1614	Thermocouple instruments can be used for ac only ___
1615	The percentage limiting error in an instrument reading 8.3 V and having guaranteed accuracy of 1% of the full scale reading and range of 0-150 V is ___
1616	If the secondary winding of CT is opened when primary coil is carrying current ___
1617	In loss of charge method, it is preferable to use an electronic voltmeter ___
1618	It is required to study transients during switching process ___
1619	A resistance is measured by voltmeter-ammeter method ___
1620	The response of a thermistor overs the whole of its temperatures range is ___
1621	The wave applied to X plates, for ohtaining trace of voltage wave, is ___
1622	Which of the following is not correct in respect of electrostatic instrument ___
1623	The input impedance of CRO is about ___
1624	The total resistance to the appropriate number of significant figures is ___
1625	The current through the coil of an electromagnet is doubled ___
1626	A variable reluctance type tachometer has 150 teeth on rotor ___
1627	The power factor of a single phase load can be calculated if instruments available are ___
1628	The emf of a Weston cell is 1.286 V ___
1629	A universal RLC bridge has a battery and also a high frequency ac source ___
1630	In household energy meters the flux of series magnet is in phase with current but the flux of shunt magnet lags the voltage by 88° ___
1631	For balanced condition, Zd will be ___
1632	Two ammeters A and B are connected in parallel in a circuit carrying 100 A ___
1633	Insertion of a dielectric material between the plates of an air capacitor ___
1634	A resistance wire strain gauge has gauge factor 2 ___
1635	A high resistance was measured by the loss of charge method ___
1636	The effect of lead resistance is important in measurement of ___
1637	Which one of the following effects is used in measuring power ___
1638	Consider the following features of an instrument ___
1639	A moving coil meter has a shunt of 0.02 Ω resistance ___
1640	The scale of hot wire ammeter is ___
1641	In hot wire instrument the material of hot wire in generally platinum iridium ___
1642	The dynamometer principle can be used for ___
1643	A capacitance transducer can be used to measure ___
1644	The resistance of a dc galvanometer is 20 Ω. A current of 10 mA causes full scale deflection ___
1645	Current density has the dimensions ___
1646	Maxwell bridge is for measuring inductance of medium magnitude ___
1647	The loss of charge method can be used to measure ___
1648	Which of the following is not correct ___
1649	Two ammeters A and B both 0-10 A have internal resistance of 1 Ω and 0.5 Ω respectively ___
1650	A Hall effect transducer has ___
1651	A volt ratio box should have low resistance ___
1652	The current in a circuit is measured using a 150 : 1 CT If the ammeter reads 0.6 A, the circuit current is ___
1653	In an induction wattmeter, the shading bands are made of non conducting material ___
1654	If the current in a capacitor leads the voltage by 80°, the loss angle of capacitor is ___
1655	In the balanced bridge shown in figure ___
1656	An induction wattmeter can be used for ___
1657	A meter having 0-1000 μA range and 1000 Ω resistance is required to be changed to 0-100 mA meter ___
1658	It is required that a strain gauge has gauge factor of 100 ___
1659	When measuring phase angle between two waves using a CRO, the time base generator is connected to ___
1660	With a variable reluctance tachometer having 60 rotor teeth the count reads 3600 counts per minute ___
1661	The scale of moving iron instrument is linear ___
1662	If eddy current damping is to be used, the disc of instrument should be ___
1663	When a capacitor is connected to the terminals of an ohmmeter, the pointer indicated a low resistance initially and finally come to infinity position ___
1664	A sinusoidal ac voltage of amplitude 100 V is applied to a rectifying device which offers 10 Ω resistance in forward direction and infinite resistance in reverse direction
1665	PCM employing 4 bit code is used to send data having frequency range from 0 to 2 kHz ___
1666	Consider the following Statements regarding resistance strain gauge ___
1667	A meter has a square law scale ___
1668	In a digital measuring device the input electrical signal is in the frequency range of dc to ac (50) Hz ___
1669	Measuring of unknown voltage with a dc potentiometer loses its advantage of open circuit measurement when ___
1670	A 24 mm long conductor has a resistance of 128 Ω ___
1671	Two voltmeters 0-250 V each having resistances of 5 kΩ and 10 kΩ respectively and are connected in series ___
1672	Consider the following operation in respect of Wheatstone bridge ___
1673	In the wheatstone bridge in figure, each resistance is increased by 0.05% ___
1674	A variable reluctance tachometer has 180 teeth on rotor ___
1675	A sinusoidal ac voltage of amplitude 100 V is applied to a rectifying device which offers 10 Ω resistance in forward direction and infinite resistance in backward direction ___
1676	The volt ratio box is basically a ___
1677	In figure, the position of voltmeter and ammeter are exchanged ___
1678	Magnetic field intensity has the dimensions ___
1679	Which instrument is based on induction principle ___
1680	In 3 phase power measurement by two wattmeter method, both wattmeters had equal reading ___
1681	Which of these has poor overload capacity ___
1682	A frequency meter for 50 Hz system has a frequency range of 40 to 60 Hz ___
1683	Wien bridge can be used for measuring frequency ___
1684	Schering bridge is a low voltage bridge ___
1685	Two numbers are 131 ± 5 and 629 ± 3 ___
1686	Which of these has a magnetic brake ___
1687	A meter coil has a resistance of 100 Ω and a full scale deflection current of 10 mA ___
1688	The power input and output in a device are 3650 W and 3385 W with each reading in doubt by ± 10 W ___
1689	Which of the following instruments has non-linear scale ___
1690	The dimensions of EMF are ___
1691	In Schering bridge, the potential of detector above earth potential is about ___
1692	A 0-200 V voltmeter has an accuracy of 0.75% of full scale reading ___
1693	LVDT is a ___
1694	A single element strain gauge bridge has two fixed resistances ___
1695	A moving iron voltmeter reads 250 V when connected to 250 V dc ___
1696	If an inductance L is connected in one arm of bridge and resistance ___
1697	An accelerometer has a seismic mass of 0.05 kg and spring constant of ___
1698	Electrostatic voltmeter is suitable only for low voltages ___
1699	The resistance of a 125 Ω strain gauge changes by 1 ohm for 4000 micro strain ___
1700	The D’Arsonval- movement can be converted into audio frequency ac ammeter by adding a ___
1701	The scale of hot wire instrument is linear ___
1702	Shunt of an ammeter has a low resistance ___
1703	Kelvin’s double bridge is used to measure low resistances because ___
1704	In figure the bridge is balanced when ___
1705	It is required to measure angular position ___
1706	In two wattmeter method of 3 phase power measurement, when does one wattmeter read negative ___
1707	Loss of charge method is suitable for medium resistances ___
1708	A dynamometer wattmeter is connected in ac circuit. The measured power is ___
1709	Induction wattmeter can be used in ___
1710	A moving iron instrument gives correct reading when used at ___
1711	In a thermocouple temperature transducer, the output voltage is usually measured by ___
1712	Which of the following statement is correct for two wattmeters method of power measurement in 3 phase circuit ___
1713	Which of the following measurements using a dc potentiometer do not require standardisation of potentiometer ___
1714	A voltmeter using thermocouples measures ___
1715	The speed transducer using a drag cup rotor has the main advantage of ___
1716	A dynamometer wattmeter is connected in ac circuit ___
1717	A digital frequency counter can be converted to DVM by addition of a suitable ___
1718	Which of the following are needed both for protection and metering ___
1719	Which of the following is true about an impulse voltage ___
1720	A hot wire ammeter has a cramped scale ___
1721	Potentiometer method of dc voltage measurement is more accurate than direct measurement using a voltmeter because ___
1722	A moving coil instrument has a resistance of 0.5 Ω and a full scale deflection of 0.1 A ___
1723	A full wave rectifier type meter is used to measure the wave shape ___
1724	A standard cell of 1.0185 V is used with a slide wire potentiometer ___
1725	The household energy meter is ___
1726	In a resistance strain gauge, the value of ΔR will be ___
1727	A meter with a resistance of 100 Ω and a full scale deflection of current of 1 mA is to be converted into voltmeter of 0-5 V range ___
1728	Magnetic flux density has the dimensions ___
1729	In a differential amplifier using JFET, the differential output offset is due to ___
1730	The coil of a moving coil meter has 100 turns, is 40 mm long and 30 mm wide ___
1731	A digital voltmeter has a read out range from 0 to 999 counts ___
1732	The angle δ for a mica capacitor is about ___
1733	The Lissajous pattern observed on screen of CRO is a straight line inclined at 45° to x axis ___
1734	In a strain measuring device using a strain gauge, the output quantity is ___
1735	Figure shows an RC potentiometer to measure ac voltage ___
1736	The total resistance is ___
1737	In a ballistic galvanometer, a charge of 100 μC gives a first swing of 25° ___
1738	The Z4 for bridge to be balanced in the figure is ___
1739	As per BIS there are 6 accuracy classes of instruments ___
1740	When a wattmeter is used for low impedance loads, the pressure coil is connected across the load ___
1741	An LVDT is used to measure displacement ___
1742	A piezoelectric force transducer has a charge sensitivity of 20 pC/N ___
1743	A moving coil instrument has a resistance of 0.6 Ω and full scale deflection at 0.1 A ___
1744	In which of the transformer is the secondary nearly short circuited under normal operating conditions ___
1745	De sauty’s bridge is suitable only for pure capacitor ___
1746	A single phase energy meter has the rating 1200 resolutions/ kWh ___
1747	Which of the following voltmeters would you use for measuring voltage across 20 kΩ resistance ___
1748	If reference sound pressure ___
1749	In a CRO which of the following is not a part of electron gun ___
1750	In 3 phase power measurement by two wattmeter method, the reading of one wattmeter is zero ___
1751	The coil of a moving iron instrument has a resistance of 500 Ω and an inductance of 1 H ___
1752	An ammeter of 0-25 A range has a guaranteed accuracy of 1% of full scale reading ___
1753	To increase Q factor of a coil, the wire should be ___
1754	Composition of natural gas is determined by the ___
1755	Which of the following thermocouples has the least temperature measurement range ___
1756	Mercury thermometer is commonly used for low temperature measruement ___
1757	Ordinary mercury in glass thermometer is used for measuring temperature upto 120°C ___
1758	For two non-interacting first order systems connected in series, the overall transfer function is the ___ of the individual transfer functions
1759	Temperature of molten pig iron (1450°C) and molten slag (1500°C) flowing out of a blast furnace is measured by a/an ___
1760	In Bode plot, Φ vs ω is plotted on a/an ___ graph paper
1761	Gain margin is equal to the ___
1762	Temperature of ___ can not be measured by an optical or radiation pyrometer
1763	Minute depression of freezing point of a liquid solvent on addition of a solid solute can be best measured by a ___
1764	Normal mercury thermometer can be used to measure a temperature of about 300°C ___
1765	A manometer measures the ___ pressure
1766	Conversion formula for converting amplitude ratio (AR) into decibels is ___
1767	If response of a control system is to be free of offset and oscillation, the most suitable controller is ___
1768	Which of the following can measure temperatures in the range of-20 to 300°C ___
1769	The frequency at which maximum amplitude ratio is attained is called the ___ frequency
1770	Working principle of mercury in glass thermometer is ___
1771	Choose the wrong statement ___
1772	Thermal well made of ___ gives the fastest speed of response, while measuring temperature by thermocouples
1773	Continuous measurement of moisture content of paper in paper industry is done by measuring the ___
1774	Phase lag of the sinusoidal response of a first order system is ___
1775	Dome temperature of blast furnace stove is most accurately measured by a ___
1776	In second order underdamped system ___
1777	The root locus plot of the roots of the characteristics equation of a closed loop system having the open loop transfer function ___
1778	Stroboscope is used for the measurement of ___
1779	Continuous measurement of specific gravity of a liquid is done by ___
1780	For measuring the temperature of a red hot furnace, which is the most suitable instrument ___
1781	A control system has the following transfer function ___
1782	A first order system with unity gain and time constant T is subjected to a sinusoidal input of frequency w = 1/T ___
1783	In Bode plot, A.R. vs. w is plotted on a/an ___ graph paper
1784	Which is the strongest paramagnetic gas ___
1785	The thermal emf-temperature relationship of most thermocouples is ___
1786	On-off control which is a special case of proportional control, has a band width of about ___ percent
1787	Platinum resistance thermometer is the international standard for temperature measurement between ___
1788	Which of the following thermocouples is incapable of measuring sub-zero (i.e., < 0°C) temperature ___
1789	Emf developed by a thermocouple while measuring a temperature of 800°C is about 31 mV ___
1790	Which of the following is not a composition measuring instrument ___
1791	Reference points i.e., ice point and steam point in Reaumer temperature scale are respectively ___
1792	Flame photometry is used for the determination of compositional analysis of ___
1793	Find the Laplace transform of the following input function ___
1794	Which of the following is not suitable for measuring the temperature of a red hot object in the range of 800-1600°C ___
1795	Which of the following instruments is not used for measuring sub-zero (<0°) temperatures ___
1796	Change of angle of refraction with composition comprises the working principle of a ___
1797	Platinum resistance thermometer can be used upto antimony point which is ___ °C, and is the temperature of equilibrium between solid antimony & liquid antimony at normal atmospheric pressure
1798	Which of the following thermocouples is capable of measuring a temperature of -50°C ___
1799	Meleoid gauge measures the ___ pressure
1800	The Laplace transform of exp(at), where a > 0, is defined only for the Laplace parameter, s > a since ___
1801	A stable system is the one ___
1802	Which of the following shows maximum dip effect (indicating reverse direction of temperature change) ___
1803	Which of the following is never used as an element of industrial resistance thermometer ___
1804	Temperature measurement range of iron-constantan thermocouple is 0 to 870°C ___
1805	Cascade control means ___
1806	Liquid column manometers are used for measuring the pressure ___
1807	Which of the following filled system expansion thermometers has the lowest positive temperature measurement capability ___
1808	The unit of ‘time constant’ of a system is the same as that of ___
1809	Liquid flow rate in an open channel can not be measured by a/an ___
1810	The pressure sensing element of elastic type pressure gauge is never made in the form of a ___
1811	Thermisters which have a very high temperature co-efficient of resistivity belong to the class of solid called ___
1812	Compositional analysis of flue gas coming out of a furnace in respect of ___
1813	Flow rate measurement of hostile acids and alkalis can be most suitably done by a/an ___
1814	Phase margin is equal to ___
1815	Maximum differential pressure in liquid manometer is ___ psi
1816	Which of the following is not classified as a thermo electric pyrometer ___
1817	___ is an example of distributed parameter system
1818	Sub-zero temperature (< 0°C) can be measured by a constant volume gas thermometer employing ___
1819	With increase in temperature, the electrical conductivity of the platinum used in the resistance thermometer ___
1820	Which of the following is not a variable area flow meter ___
1821	A non-linear system will have ___ steady state values
1822	Silver point temperature is ___ °C
1823	Nickel percentage in invar which is an iron-nickel alloy, and is used as a thermocouple material is ___
1824	When the damping co-efficient (ξ) is unity, the system is ___
1825	Bimetal strips are not used in ___
1826	Thermocouple is suitable for measuring ___
1827	What is the Laplace transform of impulse input having magnitude ‘X’ ___
1828	Which of the following statement about the above control system is wrong ___
1829	Water is flowing through a series of four tanks and getting heated as ___
1830	The term analogous to voltage in a single tank system is the ___
1831	In a shell and tube heat exchanger, the outlet temperature of heating/cooling fluid is the ___ variable
1832	Mcleoid gauge is used to measure the ___
1833	Pick out the symbol for “locally mounted instrument” in instrumentation diagram ___
1834	“An emf of the order of mV is generated when two solutions of different hydrogen ion concentration are separated by a thin glass wall” ___
1835	Bourdon tube is never made of ___
1836	Temperature control of an exothermic chemical reaction taking place in a CSTR is done with the help of cooling water flowing in a jacket around the reactor ___
1837	Which of the following thermocouples has the widest temperature measurement range ___
1838	Response of a linear control system for a change in set point is called ___
1839	Non-metallic diaphragm used as pressure sensor in instruments is generally made of ___
1840	Photoelectric pyrometers are suitable in the temperature range of ___ °C
1841	Pyrometry refers to the measurement of temperature ___
1842	Routh stability method uses ___ loop transfer function
1843	Which is the most suitable instrument for measuring pressure below 3 microns ___
1844	Out of the following themocouple wire insulating material, the highest temperature rating is for ___
1845	Which of the following flow-metering instru-ments is an areameter ___
1846	Thermal wells used in temperature measurements should have ___
1847	A bimetallic thermometer as compared to industrial mercury in glass thermometer has almost the same
1848	Polarisation of light forms the working principle of a ___
1849	Which of following error integral is considered as the best criterion in controller settings ___
1850	In a shell and tube heat exchanger, the inlet temperature of heating/cooling fluid is the ___ variable
1851	Flow rate of sludge is not measured by a/an ___
1852	Which of the following fluid flow measuring devices can measure the largest flow rate ___
1853	Polarograph is meant for the analysis of ___
1854	Operating range of a temperature measuring instrument is 800 to 1600° C ___
1855	Characteristic equation is the denominator of ___ loop transfer function
1856	Process degree of freedom indicates ___ number of controllers to be used
1857	Suppose that the gain, time constant and dead time of a process with the following transfer function ___
1858	___ type of element is normally not used in the bimetallic thermometers
1859	The root locus method, a pole of a transfer function G(s) is the value of s for which G(s) approaches ___
1860	Zirconia probe is used for the measurement of ___
1861	Thermal conductivity cell is the primary element of a/an ___ analyser
1862	The transfer function of a pure dead time system with dead time ___
1863	Presence of a small amount of water in the organic systems can be determined by the ___ method
1864	Thermal conductivity measurement is used for the determination of
1865	The open loop transfer function of a control system is ___
1866	Gas analysis is commonly done using the ___
1867	Emission spectroscopy is used for ___
1868	Dead zone in an instrument must be less than ___ percent of the scale
1869	Phase lag of the frequency response of a second order system to a sinusoidal forcing function ___
1870	___ is the static characteristics of an instrument,
1871	Thermistors are used in ___ devices
1872	Flow rate through an orifice is ___ the pressure differential
1873	A pyrheliometer is an instrument used for measuring the ___
1874	E.m.f. generated by thermocouples is of the order of ___
1875	Liquid levels in autocalves are measured by ___
1876	Working principle of radiation pyrometer is based on ___
1877	The deflection in diaphragm (which is used as pressure sensor in pneumatic and electronic instruments) is dependent on the metal thickness, its diameter (d) and shape & number of corrugations ___
1878	Stalagmometer is used for the measurement of ___
1879	Out of the following temperature measuring instruments, the measurement accuracy will be minimum for the ___
1880	___ controller has the maximum stabilising time
1881	A mercury thermometer can not be used to measure the temperature below the freezing point of mercury, which is ___ °C
1882	For a feed back control system to be stable, the ___
1883	A simple pitot tube measures the ___
1884	Specific conductance is defined as the reciprocal of resistance in ohms of 1c.c. of liquid at a specified temperature ___
1885	Small furnace draught is accurately measured by an inclined tube manometer, in which the manometric liquid used most commonly is ___
1886	Which of the following is not a second order instrument ___
1887	Working principle of bimetallic thermometers is difference in linear co-efficient of thermal expansion of two strips of different metals welded together ___
1888	Bode stability method uses ___ loop transfer function
1889	Emf developed by a thermocouple while measuring a temperature of 400°C is 22 mV ___
1890	Mercury manometer (U-tube type) exemplifies a ___ order system
1891	Time constant is the ___
1892	Stabilising time for the controllers is the time required for the response to reach ___ percent of its ultimate value
1893	Stability of a control system containing a transportation lag can be best analysed by ___
1894	Optical activity of a solution can be determined using a ___
1895	Composition of alloys can be determined by ___
1896	All the thermocouples used for temperature measurement use dissimilar metal ___
1897	A pyranometer is an instrument used for measuring the ___
1898	___ stability method uses open loop transfer function
1899	A first order system with a time constant of 1 min is subjected to frequency response analysis ___
1900	Mass spectrometer is used for the composition analysis of ___
1901	Dilatometer is used to measure ___
1902	Continuous flue gas analyser makes use of paramagnetic properties of some of its constituents, which move towards the strongest part of the magnetic field thus displacing diamagnetic gases ___
1903	Temperature measurement by optical pyrometer is done above ___ point, which is 1063°C
1904	Radiation thermometer can not measure the temperature ___
1905	Working principle of mercury in glass thermometer is based on the ___ of mercury with increase in temperature
1906	Emf generated in a thermocouple depends on the temperature ___
1907	Thermal conductivity based continuous flue gas analyser makes use of varying thermal conductivity of the constituents of flue gases ___
1908	Very low pressure is expressed in microns(μ), which is equal to ___ mm of Hg coloumn (absolute) at 0°C
1909	In an exothermic chemical reactor, the manipulated variable is the flow rate of ___
1910	To increase the speed of response of a pressure spring liquid or gas expansion thermometer, the clearance space between the thermometer bulb and the thermal well should not be filled with ___
1911	A system with a double pole at the origin is unstable since the corresponding term in the time domain ___
1912	The offset introduced by proportional controller with gain ___
1913	A bolometer is ___
1914	An aneroid barometer measures the ____ pressure
1915	A typical example of a physical system with under damped characteristic is a ___
1916	A photo electric device in which the resistance of the metal is directly proportional to the light striking on it, is known as photo-conductive cell ___
1917	Which of the following is not a differential pressure flow meter ___
1918	Vapour actuated pressure spring thermometer does not require ambient temperature compensation ___
1919	Mercury thermometer can be used to measure the temperature upto ___ °C
1920	Which of the following thermocouples is the most suitable for measuring a temperature of about 1600°C in an oxidizing atmosphere ___
1921	Bode diagram are generated from output response of the system subjected to which of the following input ___
1922	Helium gas constant volume thermometer is suitable for the measurement of a temperature of ___ °C
1923	What is the normal percentage of rhodium in platinum + rhodium element used in the thermocouple ___
1924	When a bare thermocouple is covered by a protective sheath, the response becomes ___
1925	The model that describes the dynamic variation of temperature of water in the tank with time is given as ___
1926	Routh test ___
1927	pH meter has ___
1928	A constant volume gas thermometer employing ___ is used to measure sub-zero (i.e., < 0° C) temperature
1929	Which of the following does not figure in the list of seven substances selected for international temperature scale ___
1930	The time constant of a unity gain, first order plus time delay process is 5 min ___
1931	The experimental response of the controlled variable y(t) for a step change of magnitude P in the manipulated variable x(t) is shown below ___
1932	The unit step response of the ___
1933	High temperature of around 2000°C of incandescent gas mantles is measured by a/an ___
1934	Pressure of 0.01 psi (absolute) can be measured by ___ gauge
1935	Which of the following controllers has maximum offset ___
1936	Magnetic flowmeters are generally not used for the velocity/flow measurement of hydrocarbons due to their ___
1937	On-off controllers are normally used for ___
1938	Which of the following judges the accuracy of an instrument ___
1939	___ are analysed using a polarograph
1940	Which of the following is not a mechanical pressure sensing element ___
1941	Liquid discharge from a tank or reservoir can not be measured by ___
1942	Turbine flow meters are suitable for ___
1943	Use of I-control along with P-control facilitates ___
1944	For the block diagram shown below the characteristic equation is ___
1945	Measurement of sub-zero Celcius temperature in industry is done most commonly by ___
1946	Which of the following is not a speed measuring instrument ___
1947	Which of the following is a ‘contact’ pyrometer ___
1948	The amplitude ratio for the sinusoidal response of ___ is < 1
1949	The frequency response of a dynamic element shows a constant magnitude ratio at all frequencies ___
1950	The response of two tanks of same size and resistance in series is ___
1951	The amplitude ratio for the sinusoidal response of a ___ is 1
1952	Positioning controllers are used for ___
1953	A mercury barometer measures the ___ pressure
1954	The calibration data of a thermocouple with its cold junction at 0°C are ___
1955	Which of the systems having the following transfer function is stable ___
1956	Psychrometer determines the ___
1957	Continuous measurement of moisture in paper is done by ___
1958	Reset rate is the another term used for ___ time
1959	The term analogous to the electrical current in a thermal system is the ___
1960	A process is initially at steady state with its output y=l for an input u=l ___
1961	The unit step response of the transfer function ___
1962	What is the ratio of output amplitude to input amplitude for a sinusoidal forcing function in a first order system ___
1963	A Geiger-Mueller detector with a “pancake” probe is being used to monitor workers leaving a radiologically controlled area for contamination. The probe is sensitive to alpha, beta, and ___
1964	A Geiger-Mueller detector with a “pancake” probe is being used to monitor workers leaving a radiologically controlled area for contamination ___
1965	A nuclear plant worker normally wears a thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) or similar device for measuring whole body radiation exposure ___
1966	A Geiger-Mueller detector with a “pancake” probe (often called a frisker) is being used to monitor workers leaving a radiologically controlled area for contamination ___
1967	A nuclear plant worker normally wears a thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) or similar device for measuring radiation exposure ___
1968	Which one of the following describes a characteristic of a self-reading pocket dosimeter ___
1969	Which one of the following describes a characteristic of a self-reading pocket dosimeter (SRPD) ___
1970	A typical gamma ray (1 to 2 MeV) normally produces a free electron in a gas-filled radiation detector by ___
1971	Radiation interacting with a gas-filled radiation detector produces primary ion pairs ___
1972	A fission chamber detector is initially operating in the proportional region to measure neutron flux in the source range ___
1973	#VALUE!
1974	A gas-filled radiation detector that operates in the Geiger-Mueller region of the gas ionization curve is being used in a constant radiation field ___
1975	#VALUE!
1976	A Geiger-Mueller detector with a A pancake@ probe (often called a frisker) is being used to monitor personnel leaving a radiologically controlled area ___
1977	Which one of the following personal radiation monitoring devices can be charged with DC voltage to “zero” the device prior to use ___
1978	In which usable region(s) of the gas-filled detector ionization curve is the pulse height resulting from the detection of a 1 MeV beta particle the same as a 5 MeV alpha particle ___
1979	Which one of the following describes the positive space charge effect associated with a gas-filled radiation detector ___
1980	A fission chamber neutron detector is located in a constant neutron radiation field and is initially operating in the proportional region ___
1981	Which one of the following types of radiation detectors is typically the least accurate in determining the dose rate to a human body from an unspecified source of radiation ___
1982	#VALUE!
1983	#VALUE!
1984	A beta particle and an alpha particle with equal kinetic energies cause ionization in a gas-filled radiation detector ___
1985	Which one of the following contains the pair of radiation detector types that are the most sensitive to low-energy beta and/or gamma radiation ___
1986	Quench gases are added to gas-filled radiation detectors that operate in the ___ region; the quench gases prevent a single ionization event from causing ___ in the detector gas volume
1987	A nuclear power plant has been shut down for one month ___
1988	A beta particle and an alpha particle enter and cause ionization in a gas-filled radiation detector operating in the Geiger-Mueller region ___
1989	A beta particle and an alpha particle enter and cause ionization in a gas-filled radiation detector operating in the Geiger-Mueller region
1990	A gas-filled radiation detector operating in the ion chamber region is exposed to a constant gamma radiation field ___
1991	Which one of the following lists the two types of gas-filled radiation detectors whose outputs will be least affected by a small variation (±10 volts) in the voltage applied to the detectors ___
1992	Which one of the following describes the reason for the high sensitivity of a gas-filled radiation detector operating in the Geiger-Mueller region ___
1993	Which one of the following describes a characteristic of a Geiger-Mueller radiation detector ___
1994	Which one of the following types of radiation is the major contributor to the dose indication on a self-reading pocket dosimeter (SRPD) ___
1995	Which one of the following statements describes the operation of a gas-filled radiation detector operating in the proportional region ___
1996	Scintillation detectors convert radiation energy into light by a process known as ___
1997	Two identical fission chamber neutron detectors, operating in the proportional region, are being used to monitor core neutron flux during a reactor startup ___
1998	Two identical fission chamber neutron detectors (operating in the proportional region) are being used to monitor the neutron flux during a reactor startup ___
1999	Which one of the following will cause an upscale failure of a fission chamber neutron detector that is operating in the ion chamber region as a local power range monitor (LPRM) ___
2000	A fission chamber neutron monitoring instrument is operating in the proportional region ___
2001	A proportional detector with pulse height discrimination circuitry is being used in a constant field of neutron and gamma radiation to provide source range neutron count rate indication ___
2002	A gas-filled radiation detector operating in the proportional region is exposed to a constant gamma radiation field. If the applied voltage is decreased but maintained within the ___
2003	What is the effect on a gas-filled neutron detector operating in the proportional region if the detector voltage is increased such that the detector operates closer to the high end of the proportional region ___
2004	A gas-filled radiation detector operating in the proportional region is exposed to a constant gamma radiation field ___
2005	A fission chamber neutron monitoring instrument is operating in the proportional region of the gas ionization curve ___
2006	A fission chamber used for reactor neutron monitoring is operating in the ionization region of the gas ionization curve ___
2007	A loss-of-coolant accident resulted in a reactor scram. The source range monitors (SRMs) were fully inserted and are currently located in a voided section of the core ___
2008	Following a loss-of-coolant accident, a reactor scram resulted ___
2009	Due to a loss-of-coolant accident, a reactor scram resulted ___
2010	What is the function of the positive electrode in an ion chamber ___
2011	Gamma radiation contributes to the output of a fission chamber mainly by interacting with the ___
2012	Proportional band or throttling range is the ____
2013	A pressure sensor converts pressure changes into ___
2014	Setpoint deviation is also called ___
2015	An electronic controller is ___
2016	A direct acting controller ___
2017	Resistance temperature devices can provide a relatively linear resistance variation from ___
2018	Authority or Compensation Authority is the ___
2019	An advantage of an electronic control system is that ___
2020	An electronic control system is comprised of a ___
2021	The electrical resistance of a thermistor will ___