How Earth Resistance is Measured
The term “earth resistivity” expressed in ohm-centimeters (abbreviated ohm-cm) is one basic variable affecting resistance to earth of an electrode
Instrumentation Design
Instrumentation Design : Learn about P&ID, PFD, Loop Drawings, Functional Documents, Power Consumption Calculations, Panel Design etc.
How to Select a Fuse ?
Although care is taken to properly design electrical and electronic circuits; overcurrents in the form of short-circuits and overload can
History of 3-15 psi, 10-50 mA, and 4-20 mA signals
Study about the history of 4-20 mA signals used in the industrial instrumentation. Other signals are 3-15 psi, and 10-50 mA
Field Instruments Scaling and Unit Conversions
The Instrumentation and Controls is all about managing information. Today, process information must be prepackaged, timely, and accurate, so we in
Where should we Terminate the Cable Shields ?
A shielded cable is an electrical cable of one or more insulated conductors enclosed by a common conductive layer. The
How to Select a Flow Meter
Selecting Magflow Flow Meters he main questions which need to be considered before selecting a magnetic flow meter: – Is
How to Select a pH or ORP Meter
pH is a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution, numerically equal to 7 for neutral solutions, increasing
How to Select a Conductivity Meter
Conductivity Electrode / Sensor & Instrument Selection Guide Conductivity is a measure of the ability of a fluid to conduct
Field Instruments Selection Aid
Operating Conditions and Requirements on the Measuring Point When a New Field Transmitter installation is being planned, measuring point / tapping point
Multiple Thermowell Installations Problems
Vortex shedding Fig: Color enhanced smoke trail showing von Karman Vortex Street in laminar fluid flow Vortex Shedding effects on Multiple