In most drum level control applications, the two-element drum level control will maintain the required water/steam interface level – even…
Instrument Engineers Interview Questions, Control Room Interview Questions, Field Instruments Questions and Answers, Instrumentation Questions & Answers.
What is Cascade Control? In single-loop control, the controller’s set point is set by an operator, and its output drives…
We discuss concepts of Sink or Source used in electrical circuits or in PLC wiring. Also we deal with basics…
We often come across the above terms, and others, when we are talking about equipment and systems. All of them…
What are Loop Powered Devices? A lot of loop setups will utilize an external power supply in order to power…
The basic layout of every 4-20mA loop consists of a power supply, a transmitter, and passive loop devices. The supply…
Many instrumentation systems involve the measurement of analog signals in which noise can be a prominent component. Analog instrumentation signals…
Observe the Effect of Proportional Gain Kp, Integral Gain Ki and Derivative Gain Kd values with respect to PID Controller Output…
The P-Only Algorithm The P-Only controller computes a CO action every loop sample time T as: CO = CObias…
