Digital Circuits Questions & Answers

Digital Circuits Questions & Answers 1. In analytical instrumentation, little circuitry is concerned with the amplification and processing of signals. a) True b) False Answer: b Explanation: In analytical instrumentation,…

Logic Families Questions and Answers

Logic Families Questions and Answers 1. Which of the following is the most widely employed logic family? a) Emitter-coupled logic b) Transistor-transistor logic c) CMOS logic family d) NMOS logic…

Pulsed Fluorescence SO2, H2S, CS Analyzer Working Principle

The Pulsed Fluorescence Analyzer operates on the principle that H2S can be converted to SO2. SO2 molecules absorb ultraviolet (UV) light and become excited at one wavelength, then decay to a…

TOC Analyzer Working Principle

Total Organic Carbon (TOC) measurement is commonly used to determine the degree of organic contamination in water. Total Organic Carbon (TOC) is an indirect measure of organic molecules present in…

PLC Sinking and Sourcing Explanation

PLC Sinking and Sourcing describes a current signal flow relationship between field input and output devices in a control system and their power supply.

Sink or Source? Normally Open or Normally Closed?

We discuss concepts of Sink or Source used in electrical circuits or in PLC wiring. Also we deal with basics of normally open contact or normally closed contact.

Tunable Diode Laser Analyzer Working Principle

Tunable Diode Laser (or TDL) measurements are based on absorption spectroscopy. The TruePeak Analyzer is a TDL system and operates by measuring the amount of laser light that is absorbed…

Difference between Stepper Motor and Servo Motor

Stepping Motors and Servo Motors are almost same usage for positioning but are entirely different systems, each with its pros and cons. Many are under the misconception that there are…

Difference between Pneumatic, Electrical & Hydraulic Actuators

Major Difference between Pneumatic, Electrical & Hydraulic Actuators. Read about Pneumatic Actuators, Electrical Actuators & Hydraulic Actuators. Pneumatic Actuators A pneumatic control valve actuator converts energy (typically in the form…

Spring and Diaphragm Pneumatic Actuators

Spring and diaphragm pneumatic actuators can be "direct-acting", meaning that air to the diaphragm casing pushes the actuator stem downward. This "air-to-close" action compresses the spring, which in turn pushes…