15 HART Communicator Questions

A technical innovation in the 1980’s called HART (Highway Addressable Remote Transmitter) gave 4-20 mA loop-powered field instruments the ability to communicate digital as well as analog data.

Contents

Today it remains one of the most popular industrial networking standards for field devices.

HART Communicator

HART is an acronym for Highway Addressable Remote Transducer. It is a convenient method of transmitting and receiving digital data along the analog 4-20mA process loop. The HART communication protocol operates using a frequency shift keying method based on the Bell 202 communication standard.

That is, HART uses two frequencies of a sine wave super-imposed on the DC signal cables of the process loop to represent a set and clear bit. A 0 bit is represented by a 1200Hz sine wave, and a 1 bit uses a 2400Hz sine wave. Because the average (DC) value of a sine wave is zero, the 4-20mA DC signal is not affected. The amplitude of the sine wave is approximately equivalent to ±0.5mA.

HART communicator Connections

Connect HART Communicator to Transmitter at Calibration Lab

How to Connect HART Communicator to Transmitter at Calibration Lab

Connect a loop-powered differential pressure transmitter (with HART capability along with analog 4- 20 mA output) to a DC voltage source, a milliammeter, a 250 ohm resistor, HART communicator and a diode as shown in the figure.

Schematic Diagram

The schematic diagram shows the above figure connections in the circuit form.

2 wire Transmitter Schematic

Connect HART Communicator to Transmitter at Field

HART Communicator Questions

We power-up the transmitter and it is now functioning, answer the following questions:

Question 1:

Use the HART communicator device to access the transmitter’s programmable parameters. Explain which the parameters you are able to access, and explain (if you can) what they mean.

Question 2:

If we use a digital oscilloscope connected in parallel with the transmitter to capture one of the HART data communication bursts. What does this data look like on the oscilloscope display?

Question 3:

Temporarily short past the resistor with a jumper wire and note whether or not this has any affect on the HART data communications.

Question 4:

Why HART communicator needs 250 ohm resistor to connect with a transmitter?

Question 5:

What are the Device Description (DD) files?

Question 6:

What is the use of PV Damping in a HART transmitter?

Question 7:

Explain Sensor Trim and Output Trim?

Question 8:

How do you setup a new transmitter using HART communicator?