Instrumentation Cyber Security Glossary
As digital technology finds greater application in industrial measurement and control systems, these systems become subject to digital vulnerabilities. Cyber-security,
Control Systems
We have the largest collection of Industrial Control Systems articles like industrial automation, Distributed Control Systems (DCS).
Concept of Redundancy in Control Systems
The Mean time between failures (MTBF) of any system dependent upon certain critical components may be extended by duplicating those
Control Valve Split Range Example
As an example of a split-ranged system with opposite valve failure modes, consider the following temperature control system supplying either
How does a Redundant Controller comes in line when the Main Controller fails?
How does a Redundant Controller comes in line when the Main Controller fails in the distributed control system (DCS)? The
Determining the Design Purpose of Override Controls
Override control strategies are a source of much confusion for people who first learning the concept. Perhaps the most fundamental
How to Analyze a Cascade Control Loop?
Let us discuss a steam-heated reactor control system with a cascade strategy, where the temperature controller drives a setpoint signal
How to Analyze PID Controller Actions
The direction of action for a loop controller – either direct or reverse – at first seems like a very
Override Control Functions
An “override” control strategy involves a selection between two or more controller output signals, where only one controller at a
Selector Control Functions
In the broadest sense, a “selector” control strategy is where one signal is selected from multiple signals in a system
Limit Controls : High Limit & Low Limit Functions
A common application for select and limit functions is in cascade control strategies, where the output of one controller becomes