Transistor Voltage Divider Bias
AÂ method of biasing a transistor for linear operation using a single-source resistive voltage divider. This is the most widely used biasing method. Up to this point a separate dc…
Testing a Transistor with a Digital Multimeter
Several faults that can occur in the circuit and the accompanying symptoms are illustrated in Below Figure. Symptoms are shown in terms of measured voltages that are incorrect. If a…
Troubleshooting a Biased Transistor
Several faults can occur in a simple transistor bias circuit. Possible faults are open bias resistors, open or resistive connections, shorted connections, and opens or shorts internal to the transistor itself.…
JFET Working Animation
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Current and Voltage Principle Animation
The animation above shows miniature trucks carrying bags of energy from the battery to a light globe. The light globe takes the bags of energy and uses this energy to…
Batteries in Series and Parallel Animation
What happens when we connect the batteries in series and parallel? When we connect the Batteries in Series, we will get sum of voltages of both the Batteries. Here we…
How transformer works?
A transformer is based on the fact that when an AC current flows through a wire, it generates a magnetic field commonly known as a "magnetic flux" all around…
Optocouplers Working Principle
What is optocoupler? Â An optocoupler is an optical link and it connects two circuits via this link. The optical link is contained within a chip. A Light Emitting Diode inside…
Phototransistor Circuit Example
Phototransistors are used in a variety of applications. A light-operated relay circuit is shown in below Figure (a). The phototransistor Q1 drives the BJT Q2. When there is sufficient incident light…
Phototransistor Working Principle
A phototransistor is similar to a regular BJT except that the base current is produced and controlled by light instead of a voltage source. The phototransistor effectively converts light energy to…
