Difference between Transit time and Doppler Ultrasonic Flow Meter
Transit time and Doppler Ultrasonic Flow Meters are two very popular types of flow meter for non-invasive measurement of flow in full pipes.
Factors Affecting the Performance of Ultrasonic Flow Meters
Ultrasonic Flow meter operates on principle of transit time differences. An acoustic signal is transmitted from one sensor to another to measure flow.
Smart Transmitters LRV & URV
The advent of “smart” field instruments containing microprocessors has been a great advance for industrial instrumentation. These devices have built-in diagnostic ability, greater accuracy (due to digital compensation of sensor…
Capacitively Coupled Multistage Transistor Amplifier
Two or more amplifiers can be connected in a cascaded arrangement with the output of one amplifier driving the input of the next. Each amplifier in a cascaded arrangement is…
Transistor Amplifier Working Principle
A linear amplifier provides amplification of a signal without any distortion so that the output signal is an exact amplified replica of the input signal. A voltage-divider biased transistor with…
What is Field Transmitter Damping ?
The vast majority of modern field transmitters (both analog and digital) come equipped with a feature known as damping. This feature is essentially a low-pass filter function placed in-line with the…
Instrument Zero and Span Calibration
Every instrument has at least one input and one output. For a pressure sensor, the input would be some fluid pressure and the output would (most likely) be an electronic…
Field Instrument Calibration Errors
The efficient identification and correction of instrument calibration errors is an important function for instrument technicians. For some technicians – particularly those working in industries where calibration accuracy is mandated…
Bridge Rectifier Working Animation
What is Rectifier? A rectifier is a device that simply converts alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC). The way a rectifier changes AC to DC is by the use…
HART Communication Tutorial Part 1
HART, an acronym for Highway Addressable Remote Transducer, is an open process control network protocol and was introduced in the late 1980s. It is a hybrid communication protocol that uses…
