Basics of 4-20mA Current Loop
  • Basics

Basics of 4-20mA Current Loop

The 4-20 mA current loop is a very robust sensor signaling standard.  Current loops are ideal for data transmission because…

  • Animation
  • How It Works
  • Level Measurement

Rotary Level Switch Working principle Animation

Animation Credits : KANSAI Automation Working Principle: During normal operation (no material present) a synchronous motor rotates the paddle at…

  • Animation
  • Level Measurement

Basics of Differential Pressure Level Transmitters

The importance of level measurement cannot be overstated. Incorrect or inappropriate measurements can cause  levels in vessels to be excessively…

  • Flow Measurement

Rotameter Working Principle and Animation

A rotameter is a device that measures the flow rate of liquid or gas in a closed tube. It is…

  • Flow Measurement

Working Principle of Flow Switch with Animation

Flow Switch operating principle is based on a free-floating magnetic piston that responds only to the motion of fluids within…

  • Pressure Measurement

Working Principle of Pressure Gauge

The Bourdon pressure gauge uses the principle that a flattened tube tends to straighten or regain its circular form in…

  • Instrumentation Interview Questions

Safety Relief Valve Questions & Answers

Are you a Valve Technician or Valve Specialist ? Preparing for your interview on valves ? Here is the Safety Relief…

  • Analyzers
  • Instrumentation Interview Questions

Gas Analyzers Interview Questions and Answers

Study about different Gas Analyzers Interview Questions and answers like NDIR analyzers, H2S Analyzer, Moisture Analyzer, HCDP Analyzer, CO2 Analyzer.…

  • Erection & Commissioning

P&ID Guidelines for Pumps

Proper pump symbol should be selected first of all, as shown in the presented drawing. This should be selected from…

  • Formulas

Calculate Process Variable from Transmitter Current

A pH transmitter has a calibrated  range  of 4 pH to 10 pH, with a 4-20 mA output  signal. Calculate…