While the binary numeration system is an interesting mathematical abstraction, we haven\'t yet seen its practical application to electronics. This…
If we were to connect two inverter gates together so that the output of one fed into the input of…
Let’s examine the following TTL circuit and analyze its operation: Transistors Q1 and Q2 are both arranged in the same manner that…
Up until this point, our analysis of transistor logic circuits has been limited to the TTL design paradigm, whereby bipolar transistors are…
It is sometimes desirable to have a logic gate that provides both inverted and non-inverted outputs. For example, a single-input…
NAND and NOR gates possess a special property: they are universal. That is, given enough gates, either type of gate…
Logic gate circuits are designed to input and output only two types of signals: “high” (1) and “low” (0), as…
Digital logic gate circuits are manufactured as integrated circuits: all the constituent transistors and resistors built on a single piece…
The single-transistor inverter circuit illustrated earlier is actually too crude to be of practical use as a gate. Real inverter…
Inverters and buffers exhaust the possibilities for single-input gate circuits. What more can be done with a single logic signal…
