Range Setting (Re-range) Range setting (re-ranging) refers to setting the scale for the 4 mA and 20 mA points. This…
Transmitter Output Current Trim (Analog Trim) It is rare for the analog output current circuitry of a 4-20 mA transmitter…
Instrumentation Engineer's Calibration Mistakes Error When Attempting to Reverse the Range In some applications, particularly DP level, it is necessary…
The term "calibration" in the context of smart/intelligent transmitters is often misunderstood. The information provided here serves to explain the…
How to Calculate Process Variable from 4-20mA current loop output of a field transmitter. Check the formula to find out…
How to Calculate 4-20mA current loop from Process Variable value of a field transmitter. Check the formula to find out equivalent 4-20mA signal…
Generally fires are preceded by generation of heat (rise of temperature) and generation of smoke. Hence heat, smoke and flame…
Industrial processes increasingly involve the use and the manufacture of highly dangerous substances, particularly toxic and combustible gases. Inevitably, inadvertent…
Fire detectors are designed to respond at an early stage to one more of the four major characteristics of combustion,…
Thermostatic valves are used for the infinite, proportional regulation of flow quantity, depending on the setting and the sensor temperature. The…
