Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) Questions and Answers – 1
Suppose we have a PLC connected to three pushbutton switches as shown in this illustration: In the above diagram : X1 to X4 : Digital Inputs Y1 to Y4 :…
Hazardous Area Terminology
Certification Standards Industrial products are certified to international standards for the installation and use of electrical equipment in hazardous areas. Worldwide: The IEC defines the most-widely adopted hazardous area standards. These…
Compressor & Compressor Valves Maintenance
How to Maintain a Compressor and Compressor valves The compressor is a device that develops potential energy stored in pressurized gas from electricity or fluid. When looking at a gas…
Latest Electrical Motors Questions and Answers
How do the new IE efficiency classes compare with the old EFF efficiency classes? The new IS: 12615-2011 defines the following efficiency classes of low-voltage three phase asynchronous motors in…
Draw Wiring of a Pressure Switch to control two lamps
Sketch the necessary wiring to make this pressure switch control two lamps in the following manner: High process pressure: green lamp on and red lamp off •Low process pressure: red…
Cables and Cable Glands Questions and Answers
Cables and Cable Glands Questions What are different elements of a Cable? Basic about cable components & constructional details Conductor Conductor is a current carrying element made up of Aluminium…
Functional Safety Questions & Answers
Functional Safety Questions & Answers : SIS as an "instrumented system used to implement one or more safety instrumented functions. Functional Safety Questions & Answers What is PHA ? Process…
Types of Valve Leakage Tests
All valves are inspected and tested by the manufacturer to ensure that they conform to the required valve leakage standards. In addition, optional testing can be requested by the purchaser,…
How to Connect Proximity Switch (Source Type) to Make LED ON ?
An improvement over direct-contact limit switches for many applications is the inductive proximity switch. This type of switch actuates simply when an object gets near it – no direct physical…
Define Normal Status of a Process Switch ?
Switches, whether they be hand-actuated or actuated by a physical process, come in two varieties: normally-open (NO) and normally-closed (NC). You are probably accustomed to seeing both types of switch…
