Field Instruments Scaling and Unit Conversions
The Instrumentation and Controls is all about managing information. Today, process information must be prepackaged, timely, and accurate, so we in
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ON-OFF Controller Principle
On-Off control is the simplest form of feedback control. An on-off controller simply drives the manipulated variable from fully closed
Derivative Controller Principle
RATE OR DERIVATIVE ACTION Consider a control system subjected to a disturbance, which causes the error to increase in a ramped
Boiler Drum Level Control Systems
Drum Level Control Systems are used extensively throughout the process industries and the Utilities to control the level of boiling
Three Element Drum Level Control System
In most drum level control applications, the two-element drum level control will maintain the required water/steam interface level – even
Control Room and Field Instruments Questions and Answers
Instrument Engineers Interview Questions, Control Room Interview Questions, Field Instruments Questions and Answers, Instrumentation Questions & Answers.
Tunable Diode Laser Analyzer Working Principle
Tunable Diode Laser (or TDL) measurements are based on absorption spectroscopy. The TruePeak Analyzer is a TDL system and operates
PIN Diode Working Principle
The pin diode consists of heavily doped p and n regions separated by an intrinsic (i) region, as shown in Figure
Power Supply Circuit Fault Analysis
In some cases, after isolating a fault to a particular circuit, it may be necessary to isolate the problem to a
Schottky Diode Working Principle
What is a Schottky Diode? A Schottky diode, also known as a hot carrier diode, is a semiconductor diode which
